Cell therapy for post-infarct cardiac repair has shown limited and mixed results, most likely due to patients' individual cell characteristics or to the infarct environment experienced by the transplanted cells. Identifying the potential molecular and cellular components that contribute to patient-specific responses and ways to minimize the environmental stress on transplanted cells may lead to the development of new strategies for cardiac repair. Additionally, numerous studies have shown that the effects of at least some cell-based therapies can be attributed primarily to secreted cellular factors that are packaged inside exosomes. These exosomes are considered critical mediators of intercellular information and play a direct role in injury-induced tissue repair processes in multiple physiological systems. Our group is particularly interested in the characterization of exosomes from cardiovascular disease patients who improved in a cell therapy study and in the utilization of these exosome cargos in the development of tissue-engineered cardiac patches for optimal functional myocardial repair. We are also interested in using our in vitro cardiac microtissue system as a testbed to evaluate patient cell-exosome interactions and associations with clinical trial responses. We will derive bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), MSC exosomes, and human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) from healthy individuals and patients in the Cardiovascular Cell Therapy Research Network (CCTRN)-FOCUS clinical trial categorized as improvers at 6 months, [i.e., improved left ventricular ejection fraction, end-systolic volume and maximal oxygen consumption], or as non-improvers (declined in the 3 outcomes). Cardiac microtissues, containing cardiac cells derived from healthy control hiPSCs, cultured in native and infarct-like conditions will be treated with improvers' exosomes. Changes in microtissue function, cardiomyocyte maturation, cell survival and proliferation will be compared among improvers, placebo and non-improvers exosomes. Meanwhile, high throughput assays will be used to identify differences in the exosome cargos of the top 3 clinical improvers and non-improvers and correlated with in vitro responses. We expect that improver's exosomes will contain potent beneficial factors to enhance cell and microtissue maturation and function under infarct-like stress. Next, patient- specific microtissues containing hiPSC-derived cardiac cells generated from bone marrow of the top 3 improvers and non-improvers will be treated with autologous or allogenic (improver, non-improver or, healthy) exosomes under infarct-like conditions. By exposing patient-specific ?infarcted? cardiac microtissues to autologous or allogeneic exosomes, we can evaluate patient-specific cell-exosome interactions in a controlled in vitro setting that mimics the clinical condition. Ultimately, these studies will provide new insights into cell-exosome interactions in an infarct as well as their relative potency and association with clinical trial responses, thus providing an innovative new approach to developing cardiac patches with superior regenerative properties.

Public Health Relevance

Cell therapy effects for post-infarct cardiac repair have recently been attributed to exosomes, but specific contributors and how those differ among successful and unsuccessful cell therapies is unknown. We will isolate exosomes of mesenchymal stem cells from FOCUS-CCTRN clinical trial patients and apply them to a model of injured human myocardium: cardiac microtissues comprised of extracellular matrix proteins and patient-specific human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiac cells grown under infarct-like (hypoxia and low glucose) conditions. We believe that the identification of cell-derived exosome factors in combination with our novel test bed to evaluate and replicate clinical therapy responses can be applied to develop cardiac patches with superior contractility and regenerative properties for repairing, replacing or regenerating hearts in chronic heart failure patients.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Exploratory/Developmental Grants (R21)
Project #
1R21HL144244-01
Application #
9624619
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZHL1)
Program Officer
Lundberg, Martha
Project Start
2019-05-01
Project End
2021-04-30
Budget Start
2019-05-01
Budget End
2020-04-30
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2019
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Texas Heart Institute
Department
Type
DUNS #
086987831
City
Houston
State
TX
Country
United States
Zip Code
77225