A significant proportion of environmental oxygen is metabolized by single electron reductions in living cells. This type of univalent reduction creates highly reactive free radical species which can irreversibly damage cellular constituents, eventuating in cellular injury and death. Oxygen radicals have been implicated in several pathologic processes, including myocardial re-oxygenation injury, various types of chemotoxicity, carcinogenesis, aging and radiation injury. One in vitro system particularly suitable for the study of these processes utilizes cultured neonatal mouse heart cells. The balance of free radical species within these cells may be altered by straightforward experimental manipulations to simulate various environmental stresses associated with free radical production. Free radical damage is largely directed against the lipid constituents of the cell membrane, which are chemically accessible to radicals produced within both the intracellular and extracellular spaces. Thus, a parameter quantitating membrane integrity provides a sensitive means of determining the extent of radical-mediated injury. We have developed and previously reported such a method using fluorescent-tagged antimyosin and a laser-activated cell sorting system (FACS III). Using this system in conjunction with other established methods, the mechanism and extent of radical-mediated cellular damage can be assessed in vitro. Various techniques of minimizing this injury can be easily and quantitatively assessed using these methods.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Unknown (R23)
Project #
5R23CA033570-03
Application #
3446460
Study Section
Radiation Study Section (RAD)
Project Start
1984-12-01
Project End
1987-11-30
Budget Start
1986-12-01
Budget End
1987-11-30
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
1987
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Massachusetts General Hospital
Department
Type
DUNS #
City
Boston
State
MA
Country
United States
Zip Code
02199
Scott, J A; Fischman, A J; Homcy, C J et al. (1989) Morphologic and functional correlates of plasma membrane injury during oxidant exposure. Free Radic Biol Med 6:361-7
Lasheras, C; Scott, J A; Rabito, C A (1988) Na+-sugar cotransport system as a polarization marker during organization of epithelial membrane. Am J Physiol 255:C745-53
Scott, J A; Fischman, A J; Khaw, B A et al. (1988) Phenothiazine-mediated depolarization of the plasma membrane in a renal cell line. Biochem Pharmacol 37:3785-7
Scott, J A; Homcy, C J; Khaw, B A et al. (1988) Quantitation of intracellular oxidation in a renal epithelial cell line. Free Radic Biol Med 4:79-83
Scott, J A; Rabito, C A (1988) Oxygen radicals and plasma membrane potential. Free Radic Biol Med 5:237-46
Cantiello, H F; Scott, J A; Rabito, C A (1987) Conductive Na+ transport in an epithelial cell line (LLC-PK1) with characteristics of proximal tubular cells. Am J Physiol 252:F590-7
Scott, J A; Fischman, A J; Khaw, B A et al. (1987) Free radical-mediated membrane depolarization in renal and cardiac cells. Biochim Biophys Acta 899:76-82
Rabito, C A; Jarrell, J A; Scott, J A (1987) Gap junctions and synchronization of polarization process during epithelial reorganization. Am J Physiol 253:C329-36
Scott, J A; Rosenthal, D I; Chandler, H P (1986) Stress fracture of the femoral neck following internal fixation: a case report. Injury 17:419-20
Cantiello, H F; Scott, J A; Rabito, C A (1986) Polarized distribution of the Na+/H+ exchange system in a renal cell line (LLC-PK1) with characteristics of proximal tubular cells. J Biol Chem 261:3252-8

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