The goal of this R24 application is to generate whole transcriptome reference databases for several immune cell types at baseline and during HIV and SIV infection, with emphasis on the comparative models of pathogenic and non-pathogenic infections. We envision that these databases will serve as novel and valuable resources for studies of AIDS pathogenesis, prevention, and therapeutics. The project is an outgrowth of the revolutionary advances associated with next-generation sequencing, and leverages the complementary expertise of Dr. Katze in systems biology and bioinformatics and of Dr. Silvestri in AIDS research.
In Aim 1, we will generate baseline reference transcriptomes for several key immune cell subsets (immunome) in four primate species (humans, rhesus macaques, RMs, sooty mangabeys, SMs, and African green monkeys, AGMs) that represent the most used models for AIDS research. We will sort cell types from each species, and we will isolate RNA that will be comprehensively sequenced by.the Katze lab.
In Aim 2, we will generate reference transcriptomes for the same immune cells but in the context of acute SIV infection in the pathogenic RM and the non-pathogenic AGM models.
In Aim 3, we will generate reference transcriptomes for the same immune cells but in the context of chronic HIV and SIV infection in humans, RMs, SMs, and AGMs. We believe that the potential impact of these resources is substantial. Resource applications include: (i) improvements to gene models for already sequenced species and assistance for genome assembly/annotation for new species (i.e., SMs and AGMs); (ii) development of tools (e.g., species-specific gene probes or microarrays) for AIDS-related systems biology research; (iii) investigation ofthe interaction between lentiviruses and the immune system during acute arid chronic infection. The obtained reference transcriptome information will be used to generate new hypotheses, design new experiments, and advance basic, translational, and clinical research in the fields of HIV prevention and therapy.

Public Health Relevance

We believe establishment of a data set providing a comprehensive range of immune cell types and models of pathogenic and non-pathogenic HIV/SIV infections will serve as valuable new resources for a large number of in vitro and in vivo studies of AIDS pathogenesis, prevention, and therapeutics.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
Office of The Director, National Institutes of Health (OD)
Type
Resource-Related Research Projects (R24)
Project #
4R24OD010445-04
Application #
9064867
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZTR1)
Program Officer
Moro, Manuel H
Project Start
2013-08-05
Project End
2017-04-30
Budget Start
2016-05-01
Budget End
2017-04-30
Support Year
4
Fiscal Year
2016
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Emory University
Department
Pathology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
066469933
City
Atlanta
State
GA
Country
United States
Zip Code
30322
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Peng, Xinxia; Li, Shuying S; Gilbert, Peter B et al. (2016) FCGR2C Polymorphisms Associated with HIV-1 Vaccine Protection Are Linked to Altered Gene Expression of Fc-? Receptors in Human B Cells. PLoS One 11:e0152425
Peng, Xinxia; Thierry-Mieg, Jean; Thierry-Mieg, Danielle et al. (2015) Tissue-specific transcriptome sequencing analysis expands the non-human primate reference transcriptome resource (NHPRTR). Nucleic Acids Res 43:D737-42
Peng, Xinxia; Pipes, Lenore; Xiong, Hao et al. (2014) Assessment and improvement of Indian-origin rhesus macaque and Mauritian-origin cynomolgus macaque genome annotations using deep transcriptome sequencing data. J Med Primatol 43:317-28
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