Among the causes of death due to cancer, brain tumors are ranked second in the pediatric age group and fourth in middle-aged men. Despite the use of multimodality therapy, malignant gliomas are uniformly fatal. The unfavorable results obtained to date in the treatment of gliomas underscores the need for investigating novel therapeutic approaches to manage this neoplasm that has responded poorly to surgery, radiation, chemotherapy and immunotherapy. The objective of this proposal is to explore the antitumor effect of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) using preformed H2O2 and enzymatic hydrogen peroxide-generating systems. We will use as our model system the SF763 human glioma in monolayer and as intracerebral xenografts in athymic nude rats. The biochemical and morphological response of the SF763 glioma to therapy will be monitored using in vivo 1H and 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), respectively. Furthermore, we will use specific enzyme inhibitors to systematically investigate the role of enzymatic antioxidant systems used in the cellular detoxification of H2O2 in vitro. Inhibitors specific for enzymes catalase, GSH peroxidase, GSH reductase, GSH synthesis and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase will be used to determine the role and importance of each enzyme system for protecting glioma cells from injury by preformed H2O2 or enzymatically generated H2O2 using colony forming assays. The inhibitors to be studied are either directly inhibiting a pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) enzyme or an enzyme associated with a biochemical pathway having a metabolite or cofactor in common with the PPP. Therefore, the extent of enzymatic inhibition will be determined by monitoring the relative changes in activity of the PPP following the addition of a specific oxidative probe which stimulated the turnover of the metabolite or cofactor related to the inhibition process. PPP activity will be quantitated using GC/MS analysis of lactic acid produced from the enzymatic degradation of a novel stable isotope of glucose which we have developed for this purpose. The isotope, D-[1,6-13C2,6- 2H2]glucose, will be added to cultured cells or used in conjunction with intracerebral microdialysis techniques for intracranial glioma studies. It is our intent that the information gained from this project will provide the biochemical foundation for new advances towards the effective clinical management and treatment of patients with malignant gliomas.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
First Independent Research Support & Transition (FIRST) Awards (R29)
Project #
5R29CA059009-02
Application #
2099645
Study Section
Experimental Therapeutics Subcommittee 1 (ET)
Project Start
1993-08-01
Project End
1998-07-31
Budget Start
1994-08-01
Budget End
1995-07-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
1994
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Michigan Ann Arbor
Department
Radiation-Diagnostic/Oncology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
791277940
City
Ann Arbor
State
MI
Country
United States
Zip Code
48109
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Stegman, L D; Rehemtulla, A; Beattie, B et al. (1999) Noninvasive quantitation of cytosine deaminase transgene expression in human tumor xenografts with in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 96:9821-6
Ross, B D; Zhao, Y J; Neal, E R et al. (1998) Contributions of cell kill and posttreatment tumor growth rates to the repopulation of intracerebral 9L tumors after chemotherapy: an MRI study. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95:7012-7
Ben-Yoseph, O; Lyons, J C; Song, C W et al. (1998) Mechanism of action of lonidamine in the 9L brain tumor model involves inhibition of lactate efflux and intracellular acidification. J Neurooncol 36:149-57
Chenevert, T L; McKeever, P E; Ross, B D (1997) Monitoring early response of experimental brain tumors to therapy using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging. Clin Cancer Res 3:1457-66
Ross, B D; Bland, P; Garwood, M et al. (1997) Retrospective correction of surface coil MR images using an automatic segmentation and modeling approach. NMR Biomed 10:125-8
Stegman, L D; Ben-Yoseph, O; Freyer, J P et al. (1996) In vivo 31P MRS evaluation of ganciclovir toxicity in C6 gliomas stably expressing the herpes simplex thymidine kinase gene. NMR Biomed 9:364-8
Ben-Yoseph, O; Boxer, P A; Ross, B D (1996) Assessment of the role of the glutathione and pentose phosphate pathways in the protection of primary cerebrocortical cultures from oxidative stress. J Neurochem 66:2329-37
Ben-Yoseph, O; Camp, D M; Robinson, T E et al. (1995) Dynamic measurements of cerebral pentose phosphate pathway activity in vivo using [1,6-13C2,6,6-2H2]glucose and microdialysis. J Neurochem 64:1336-42
Ross, B D; Kim, B; Davidson, B L (1995) Assessment of ganciclovir toxicity to experimental intracranial gliomas following recombinant adenoviral-mediated transfer of the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene by magnetic resonance imaging and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Clin Cancer Res 1:651-7

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