My goal is to investigate areas related to diabetes mellitus and hormonal mechanisms in the pathogenesis of complications of diabetes. Experiments designed to elucidate mechanisms underlying the hypersecretion of growth hormone (GH) in diabetes will be performed under the sponsorship of Dr. L. Frohman. The questions to be addressed are: (a) The role of pituitary resistance to somatostatin (SRIH) in hypersecretion of GH in diabetes. Dose-response relationships for growth hormone releasing hormone(GRH)-induced GH secretion during each of a series of graded SRIH infusions will be compared between normal subjects and type I diabetics before and after instituting tight glycemic control. (b) The effect of diabetes on specific features of the diurnal rhythm of GH secretion (baseline concentration vs peak amplitude and frequency) will be assessed to determine whether they implicate specific alterations in control mechanisms. (c) Intracellular glucopenia is thought to mediate the GH response to plasma glucose. The relationship of GH secretion to glucose in normal and diabetic rats will be determined after induction of lesions in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nuclei which are known to mediate responses to intracellular glucopenia induced by 2-deoxyglucose. This will establish whether a single mechanism can explain both the acute GS response to glucose and the seemingly opposite chronic adaptation of GH to diabetes or whether multiple mechanisms are required. (d) To address the role of altered secretion of GRH in GH abnormalities in diabetes, an ultra-sensitive GRH immunoassay will be developed. This technique will use a physical marker, the bacterial enzyme luciferase, that should markedly improve sensitivity over that achieved with RIA. Abnormalities in GH secretion in diabetes have long been recognized but the mechanisms involved are not understood. While tight glycemic control normalizes the plasma GH concentration, such control is presently not maintained for long periods in most people with type I diabetes. Information gained from the present investigation should prove useful in determining whether GH suppression will aid in improving glycemic control and in evaluating GH's role in the development of diabetic retinopathy and growth disorders associated with diabetes in childhood. It may also prove useful in planning and evaluating the safety of treatment regimens for biosynthetic GH in growth disorders in non-diabetic children.

Project Start
1986-08-01
Project End
1992-07-31
Budget Start
1990-08-01
Budget End
1992-07-31
Support Year
5
Fiscal Year
1990
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Cincinnati
Department
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
City
Cincinnati
State
OH
Country
United States
Zip Code
45221
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Rymaszewski, Z; Cohen, R M; Chomczynski, P (1991) Human growth hormone stimulates proliferation of human retinal microvascular endothelial cells in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 88:617-21
Arshad, M A; Bhadra, S; Cohen, R M et al. (1991) Plasma lipoprotein peroxidation potential: a test to evaluate individual susceptibility to peroxidation. Clin Chem 37:1756-8
Cohen, R M; Abplanalp, W A (1991) Resistance of growth hormone secretion to somatostatin in men with type I diabetes mellitus. Diabetes 40:1251-8
Rymaszewski, Z; Abplanalp, W A; Cohen, R M et al. (1990) Estimation of cellular DNA content in cell lysates suitable for RNA isolation. Anal Biochem 188:91-6
Menon, R K; Cohen, R M; Sperling, M A et al. (1990) Transplacental passage of insulin in pregnant women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Its role in fetal macrosomia. N Engl J Med 323:309-15
Camus-Bablon, F; Cohen, R M; Berk, M A et al. (1990) Alterations in circulating human chorionic gonadotropin free alpha-subunit in insulin-dependent diabetic pregnancy: correlation with maternal characteristics. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 71:46-52