Proliferative retinopathy is one of the most common and serious vascular complications of diabetes. The major pathological finding in the eye results form proliferation of retinal capillary endothelial cells, causing new and aberrant capillary growth on the surface of the retina. It is thought that growth hormone may be one of several important causes of this condition. However, many actions previously attributed to growth hormone are now known to be mediated by insulin-like growth factors (IFG). I will concentrate on determining the role of insulin-like growth factor I in the development of retinal neovascularization, with emphasis on its interactions with other angiogenic agents. I will use in vitro methods to study three key aspects of neovascularization: 1) production by the endothelial cell of enzymes which cause proteolysis of the extracellular matrix, 2) migration of the endothelial cell, and 3) proliferation of the endothelial cell. Human endothelial cell cultures derived from both diabetic retinas and non- diabetic retinas will be used. The use of diabetic endothelial cell cultures will enable me to also test whether an inherent defect exists in the diabetic endothelial cell. Both diabetic and non-diabetic cells will be studied under conditions of altered pH, varying glucose and insulin concentrations. These cell cultures will be compared with regard to ultrastructure, growth capacity and ability to release proteases. IGF I will be characterized along with established angiogenic factors on growth, movement, and enzyme production by these cells. I will test whether IGF I can induce the endothelial cells to invade a three-dimensional collagen matrix and form a network of capillary-like tubular structures. Also, the degradative potential of growth factor stimulated endothelial cells will be investigated using radiolabeled extracellular matrices. An in vivo model for studying angiogenesis has also been developed. When Elvax 4 pellets are placed in the cornea of rabbit eyes, IGF I induces vessels from the limbus to grow toward the pellet and surround it. The protocols of this proposal provide for the experimental dissection of the biochemical steps involved in neovascularization. A better understanding of how these phenomena are regulated at the cellular level could allow for the identification of specific inhibitors of neovascularization.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Eye Institute (NEI)
Type
First Independent Research Support & Transition (FIRST) Awards (R29)
Project #
5R29EY007739-02
Application #
3465640
Study Section
Visual Sciences A Study Section (VISA)
Project Start
1989-08-01
Project End
1994-07-31
Budget Start
1990-08-01
Budget End
1991-07-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
1990
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Florida
Department
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
073130411
City
Gainesville
State
FL
Country
United States
Zip Code
32611
Chakravarthy, Harshini; Beli, Eleni; Navitskaya, Svetlana et al. (2016) Imbalances in Mobilization and Activation of Pro-Inflammatory and Vascular Reparative Bone Marrow-Derived Cells in Diabetic Retinopathy. PLoS One 11:e0146829
Chakravarthy, Harshini; Navitskaya, Svetlana; O'Reilly, Sandra et al. (2016) Role of Acid Sphingomyelinase in Shifting the Balance Between Proinflammatory and Reparative Bone Marrow Cells in Diabetic Retinopathy. Stem Cells 34:972-83
Busik, Julia V; Grant, Maria B (2015) Wnting out ocular neovascularization: using nanoparticle delivery of very-low density lipoprotein receptor extracellular domain as Wnt pathway inhibitor in the retina. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 35:1046-7
Yan, Lulu; Lee, Sangmi; Lazzaro, Douglas R et al. (2015) Single and Compound Knock-outs of MicroRNA (miRNA)-155 and Its Angiogenic Gene Target CCN1 in Mice Alter Vascular and Neovascular Growth in the Retina via Resident Microglia. J Biol Chem 290:23264-81
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Wang, Qi; Tikhonenko, Maria; Bozack, Svetlana N et al. (2014) Changes in the daily rhythm of lipid metabolism in the diabetic retina. PLoS One 9:e95028
Jarajapu, Yagna P R; Hazra, Sugata; Segal, Mark et al. (2014) Vasoreparative dysfunction of CD34+ cells in diabetic individuals involves hypoxic desensitization and impaired autocrine/paracrine mechanisms. PLoS One 9:e93965
Wang, Qi; Bozack, Svetlana N; Yan, Yuanqing et al. (2014) Regulation of retinal inflammation by rhythmic expression of MiR-146a in diabetic retina. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 55:3986-94
Keats, Emily C; Dominguez 2nd, James M; Grant, Maria B et al. (2014) Switch from canonical to noncanonical Wnt signaling mediates high glucose-induced adipogenesis. Stem Cells 32:1649-60
Yan, Yuanqing; Salazar, Tatiana E; Dominguez 2nd, James M et al. (2013) Dicer expression exhibits a tissue-specific diurnal pattern that is lost during aging and in diabetes. PLoS One 8:e80029

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