The overall aim of this project is to investigate the cellular mechanisms involved in permeability modulation in intact microvessels. The propose studies have two specific aims.
Under Specific Aim 1, the hypotheses to be tested are that (1) increased endothelial [Ca2+]I triggered nitric oxide (NO) release is a necessary step for increasing microvessel permeability under inflammatory conditions; and (2) basal levels of NO release provide an oxidant scavenger function to maintain the integrity of microvessels under control conditions. In addition to its role as a vasodilator, NO has been recognized as an important intrinsic modulator of microvessel permeability. Further investigation of the roles of NO in modulating microvessel permeability under different conditions is of great significance. In the proposed studies, the NO-dependent signal transduction pathway in endothelial cells will be modified and, changes, in endothelial [Ca2+]I and microvessel permeability will be determined under the same experimental conditions. To further investigate mechanisms of NO besides the activation of guanylate cyclase in regulating permeability, investigator has developed a method to detect he changes in oxidant levels from cells forming the microvessel wall using a fluorogenic probe after NO suppression. The unique advantages of the approach are that all of the experiments will be conducted in intact microvessels, which have normal permeability properties, and that the single microvessel perfusion technique will enable the direct effect of NO on changes in permeability to be separated from its hemodynamic effect as a vasodilator.
Under Specific Aim 2, the hypotheses to be tested are that the increases in endothelial [Ca2+]I associated with leukocyte migration are similar to those elicited by inflammatory mediators, and leukocyte migration can be reduced by attenuating calcium influx and increasing the barrier function of endothelial cells. The investigator has developed a novel method to delineate endothelial boundaries with silver precipitation in vivo, which provides a mapping tool for the study of calcium signaling in individual endothelial cells in intact microvessels. The use of confocal microscopy will enable local changes in microvessel permeability and individual endothelial [Ca2=]I to be measured and the vascular structure to be identified in vivo simultaneously. These are the most director experimental approaches to investigating the relationship between changes in endothelial cell [Ca2+]I, leukocyte migration, and local changes in vascular permeability on an individual- cell basis. This degree of cellular localization in intact microvessels could not be achieved by previous methods.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
First Independent Research Support & Transition (FIRST) Awards (R29)
Project #
5R29HL056237-05
Application #
6330096
Study Section
Experimental Cardiovascular Sciences Study Section (ECS)
Program Officer
Goldman, Stephen
Project Start
1996-12-01
Project End
2001-06-30
Budget Start
2000-12-01
Budget End
2001-06-30
Support Year
5
Fiscal Year
2001
Total Cost
$19,606
Indirect Cost
Name
University of California Davis
Department
Physiology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
094878337
City
Davis
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
95618
Xu, Sulei; Li, Xiang; LaPenna, Kyle Brian et al. (2017) New insights into shear stress-induced endothelial signalling and barrier function: cell-free fluid versus blood flow. Cardiovasc Res 113:508-518
Dang, Thanh Q; Yoon, Nanyoung; Chasiotis, Helen et al. (2017) Transendothelial movement of adiponectin is restricted by glucocorticoids. J Endocrinol 234:101-114
Xu, Sulei; Li, Xiang; Liu, Yuxin et al. (2016) Development and Characterization of In Vitro Microvessel Network and Quantitative Measurements of Endothelial [Ca2+]i and Nitric Oxide Production. J Vis Exp :
Li, Xiang; Xu, Sulei; He, Pingnian et al. (2015) In vitro recapitulation of functional microvessels for the study of endothelial shear response, nitric oxide and [Ca2+]i. PLoS One 10:e0126797
Yuan, Dong; Xu, Sulei; He, Pingnian (2014) Enhanced permeability responses to inflammation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat venules: Rho-mediated alterations of actin cytoskeleton and VE-cadherin. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 307:H44-53
Xu, Sulei; Zhou, Xueping; Yuan, Dong et al. (2013) Caveolin-1 scaffolding domain promotes leukocyte adhesion by reduced basal endothelial nitric oxide-mediated ICAM-1 phosphorylation in rat mesenteric venules. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 305:H1484-93
Zhou, Xueping; Yuan, Dong; Wang, Mingxia et al. (2013) H2O2-induced endothelial NO production contributes to vascular cell apoptosis and increased permeability in rat venules. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 304:H82-93
Yuan, Dong; He, Pingnian (2012) Vascular remodeling alters adhesion protein and cytoskeleton reactions to inflammatory stimuli resulting in enhanced permeability increases in rat venules. J Appl Physiol 113:1110-20
Zhou, Xueping; He, Pingnian (2011) Improved measurements of intracellular nitric oxide in intact microvessels using 4,5-diaminofluorescein diacetate. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 301:H108-14
Zhou, Xueping; He, Pingnian (2011) Temporal and spatial correlation of platelet-activating factor-induced increases in endothelial [Ca²?]i, nitric oxide, and gap formation in intact venules. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 301:H1788-97

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