Patients older than fifty years comprise the majority of patients with hematologic malignancies that can not be cured with chemotherapy alone. Due to the advent of less toxic reduced intensity conditioning regimens (RIT), these older patients represent the fastest growing group of patients receiving unrelated donor hematopoietic cell transplant (URD). This population of patients generally poorly tolerates graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and standard treatment with high-dose steroids. Thus new treatments are needed for GVHD, the most serious complication of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Current pharmacological agents for GVHD prevention and treatment primarily target one of the essential effectors for GVHD, donor T cells. Other key elements for GVHD, and therefore potential therapeutic targets, are inflammatory cytokines and regulatory T cells (Tregs). Extensive experimental data developed by our team support the conduct of translational clinical trials to test agents that act upon these additional GVHD mechanisms. First, we have demonstrated that the inflammatory cytokine, TNF1 is strongly correlated with GVHD. We have also shown in clinical trials that TNF- inhibition with etanercept is safe and may have clinical efficacy for GVHD. Second, strong experimental data demonstrates that Tregs exert an inhibitory effect on GVHD. We have shown that extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) induces Tregs in experimental models of GVHD and our team, as well as others, has data suggesting that ECP may have clinical efficacy in GVHD prevention and treatment. In this project we will perform a unique clinical trial that combines these two therapies for GVHD prevention. A further advance in GVHD, the individualization of treatment, is presently hampered because GVHD can not be predicted precisely, the diagnosis is often hard to establish, and patients whose GVHD is likely to be resistant to therapy can not be identified. One of the first GVHD biomarker panels with predictive and diagnostic power was recently identified by our team. The clinical and laboratory data generated by this project is essential to design and execute a large clinical trial that will (1) definitively test this novel approach to GVHD prevention and (2) incorporate GVHD biomarkers.
The Specific Aims are: 1. To conduct a phase II GVHD prevention trial using standard GVHD prophylaxis augmented by the TNF- inhibitor, etanercept, and regulatory T-cell (Treg) induction, by extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) in unrelated donor (URD) reduced intensity transplantation (RIT). 2. To correlate cellular and plasma biomarkers of GVHD with clinical outcomes on the above trial. (End of Abstract)

Public Health Relevance

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is a potentially curative therapy for many malignant diseases whose applicability has been impeded by the development of its most serious complication, GVHD. Strategies that mitigate GVHD will allow for better harnessing of this effective therapeutic modality to treat many patients with hematological cancers.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Planning Grant (R34)
Project #
5R34HL105776-02
Application #
8213524
Study Section
Clinical Trials Review Committee (CLTR)
Program Officer
Di Fronzo, Nancy L
Project Start
2011-02-01
Project End
2014-01-31
Budget Start
2012-02-01
Budget End
2013-01-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2012
Total Cost
$233,250
Indirect Cost
$83,250
Name
University of Michigan Ann Arbor
Department
Pediatrics
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
073133571
City
Ann Arbor
State
MI
Country
United States
Zip Code
48109
Kitko, Carrie L; Braun, Thomas; Couriel, Daniel R et al. (2016) Combination Therapy for Graft-versus-Host Disease Prophylaxis with Etanercept and Extracorporeal Photopheresis: Results of a Phase II Clinical Trial. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 22:862-8
Ratcliffe, Nora; Dunbar, Nancy M; Adamski, Jill et al. (2015) National Institutes of Health State of the Science Symposium in Therapeutic Apheresis: scientific opportunities in extracorporeal photopheresis. Transfus Med Rev 29:62-70
Levine, John E; Paczesny, Sophie; Sarantopoulos, Stefanie (2012) Clinical applications for biomarkers of acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 18:S116-24
Levine, John E (2011) Implications of TNF-? in the pathogenesis and management of GVHD. Int J Hematol 93:571-577