Aldehyde dehydrogenasee (ALDH) is involved in the oxidation of acetaldehyde derived from ethanol as well as in the detoxication of other xenobiotics. Though the pure mitochondrial enzyme has been investigated for a number of years little is known about the active site. Chemical modification studies and a natural amino acid substitution allowed for the prediction or residues ln the active site. Having recently obtained the cDNA coding for the rat liver enzyme site-directed mutagenesis experiments can be performed to determine the residues in the active site. This will be done with the rat and yeast mitochondrial ALDHs. Yeast aldehyde dehydrogenase will be Purified and a ALDH- mutant created. The mutant will serve as a cell ln which to insert altered yeast or rat liver ALDHs on Plasmids. The mutant cells will not grow on ethanol so growth can be restored by the expression of added ALDH genes. The yeast ALDH gene will be sequenced; chemical modification studies will be done with the yeast enzyme to probe the candidate of the active site. The binding domain of coenzyme binding will be studied by producing truncated protein in in vitro synthesis after preparing mNRA from engineered cDNAs. The ability of these enzyme forms to bind to NAD-affinity chromatography columns will be used to assess damage to the NAD(H) binding domain. The role of the recently found N-terminal acetylation of mammalian mitochondrial ALDHs will be explored. This will include its role in allowing the newly synthesized enzYme to associate to the tetrameric state after in vitro translations and the stability it affords mature enzymes. The overall project is designed to be able to understand this enzyme responsible for acetaldehyde metabolism. Knowing more about the enzyme involved could aid in a rational design of drugs to inhibit the enzyme and thus help deter alcohol abuse.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA)
Type
Method to Extend Research in Time (MERIT) Award (R37)
Project #
5R37AA005812-09
Application #
2043338
Study Section
Biochemistry, Physiology and Medicine Subcommittee (ALCB)
Project Start
1983-04-01
Project End
1993-11-30
Budget Start
1991-12-01
Budget End
1992-11-30
Support Year
9
Fiscal Year
1992
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Purdue University
Department
Biochemistry
Type
Schools of Earth Sciences/Natur
DUNS #
072051394
City
West Lafayette
State
IN
Country
United States
Zip Code
47907
Mukhopadhyay, Abhijit; Wei, Baoxian; Weiner, Henry (2013) Mitochondrial NAD dependent aldehyde dehydrogenase either from yeast or human replaces yeast cytoplasmic NADP dependent aldehyde dehydrogenase for the aerobic growth of yeast on ethanol. Biochim Biophys Acta 1830:3391-8
Mukhopadhyay, Abhijit; Yang, Chun-song; Wei, Baoxian et al. (2007) Precursor protein is readily degraded in mitochondrial matrix space if the leader is not processed by mitochondrial processing peptidase. J Biol Chem 282:37266-75
Brichac, Jiri; Ho, Kwok Ki; Honzatko, Ales et al. (2007) Enantioselective oxidation of trans-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal is aldehyde dehydrogenase isozyme and Mg2+ dependent. Chem Res Toxicol 20:887-95
Rodriguez-Zavala, Jose Salud; Allali-Hassani, Abdellah; Weiner, Henry (2006) Characterization of E. coli tetrameric aldehyde dehydrogenases with atypical properties compared to other aldehyde dehydrogenases. Protein Sci 15:1387-96
Ho, Kwok Ki; Hurley, Thomas D; Weiner, Henry (2006) Selective alteration of the rate-limiting step in cytosolic aldehyde dehydrogenase through random mutagenesis. Biochemistry 45:9445-53
Mukhopadhyay, Abhijit; Zullo, Steven J; Weiner, Henry (2006) Factors that might affect the allotopic replacement of a damaged mitochondrial DNA-encoded protein. Rejuvenation Res 9:182-90
Ho, Kwok Ki; Weiner, Henry (2005) Isolation and characterization of an aldehyde dehydrogenase encoded by the aldB gene of Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol 187:1067-73
Ho, Kwok Ki; Allali-Hassani, Abdellah; Hurley, Thomas D et al. (2005) Differential effects of Mg2+ ions on the individual kinetic steps of human cytosolic and mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenases. Biochemistry 44:8022-9
Hammen, Philip K; Allali-Hassani, Abdellah; Hallenga, Klaas et al. (2002) Multiple conformations of NAD and NADH when bound to human cytosolic and mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase. Biochemistry 41:7156-68
Rodriguez-Zavala, Jose S; Weiner, Henry (2002) Structural aspects of aldehyde dehydrogenase that influence dimer-tetramer formation. Biochemistry 41:8229-37

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