The long-term objective of this grant is to investigate the mechanisms that regulate the productive life cycle of human papillomaviruses (HPV) with a focus on the action of the E5, E1^E4 and E6 proteins. HPVs infect basal epithelial cells and stably maintain episomes. As these cells divide and undergo differentiation, the productive replication of viral genomes as well as activation of late gene expression is induced. In order to understand the pathways regulating the viral life cycle, a genetic analysis was performed in the context of complete viral genomes. The E5 and E1^E4 proteins were found to be necessary for full activation of differentiation-dependent late viral functions. In addition, a series of potential binding partners of E5 were identified. In additional studies we determined that the E6 proteins from both high and low risk HPV types are needed for the stable maintenance of episomes in undifferentiated cells. The binding of E6TP1 and PDZ- domain containing proteins were both shown to be important for this ability. Further studies demonstrated that HPV gene products activated caspases upon differentiation and this was necessary for genome amplification. The E6 protein activated anti-apoptotic proteins that likely act to block premature apoptosis in differentiating cells. This renewal application centers on further investigation of the roles of E5, E1^E4 and E6 in the differentiation dependent life cycle. I propose to address the following questions in this renewal application. 1) How do the high-risk E5 proteins activate the differentiation-dependent late phase of the HPV life cycle? 2) What functions do the E1^E4 proteins provide in the late phase of the HPV life cycle? What are their targets of action? Do these proteins function synergistically with E5? 3) How does E6 facilitate maintenance of episomes in undifferentiated cells? What activities does E6 control in differentiated cells?

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Method to Extend Research in Time (MERIT) Award (R37)
Project #
3R37CA074202-13S2
Application #
7934179
Study Section
Virology - B Study Section (VIRB)
Program Officer
Ogunbiyi, Peter
Project Start
1997-08-01
Project End
2012-06-30
Budget Start
2009-07-01
Budget End
2010-06-30
Support Year
13
Fiscal Year
2009
Total Cost
$45,908
Indirect Cost
Name
Northwestern University at Chicago
Department
Microbiology/Immun/Virology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
005436803
City
Chicago
State
IL
Country
United States
Zip Code
60611
Langsfeld, Erika; Laimins, Laimonis A (2016) Human papillomaviruses: research priorities for the next decade. Trends Cancer 2:234-240
Kotnik Halavaty, Katarina; Regan, Jennifer; Mehta, Kavi et al. (2014) Human papillomavirus E5 oncoproteins bind the A4 endoplasmic reticulum protein to regulate proliferative ability upon differentiation. Virology 452-453:223-30
Hong, Shiyuan; Laimins, Laimonis A (2013) Regulation of the life cycle of HPVs by differentiation and the DNA damage response. Future Microbiol 8:1547-57
Hong, Shiyuan; Laimins, Laimonis A (2013) The JAK-STAT transcriptional regulator, STAT-5, activates the ATM DNA damage pathway to induce HPV 31 genome amplification upon epithelial differentiation. PLoS Pathog 9:e1003295
Knight, Gillian L; Pugh, Alice G; Yates, Emma et al. (2011) A cyclin-binding motif in human papillomavirus type 18 (HPV18) E1^E4 is necessary for association with CDK-cyclin complexes and G2/M cell cycle arrest of keratinocytes, but is not required for differentiation-dependent viral genome amplification or L1 cap Virology 412:196-210
Bodily, Jason M; Mehta, Kavi P M; Laimins, Laimonis A (2011) Human papillomavirus E7 enhances hypoxia-inducible factor 1-mediated transcription by inhibiting binding of histone deacetylases. Cancer Res 71:1187-95
Mighty, Kristen K; Laimins, Laimonis A (2011) p63 is necessary for the activation of human papillomavirus late viral functions upon epithelial differentiation. J Virol 85:8863-9
Bodily, Jason; Laimins, Laimonis A (2011) Persistence of human papillomavirus infection: keys to malignant progression. Trends Microbiol 19:33-9
Beglin, Melanie; Melar-New, Marta; Laimins, Laimonis (2009) Human papillomaviruses and the interferon response. J Interferon Cytokine Res 29:629-35
Moody, Cary A; Laimins, Laimonis A (2009) Human papillomaviruses activate the ATM DNA damage pathway for viral genome amplification upon differentiation. PLoS Pathog 5:e1000605

Showing the most recent 10 out of 16 publications