The aim of this proposal is to pursue studies on the regulatory function of peptides present in neurons of the myenteric and submucosal plexuses of the intestine. We have elected to study isolated intestinal muscle cells as the postjunctional targets of myenteric neuropeptides, and an endocrine cell (CCK) and putative paracrine cell (somatostatin) as the targets of submucosal neuropeptides. Several muscle cell preparations are currently being used to characterize peptide receptors pharmacologically with selective antagonists and immunochemically by radioligand binding. The preparations include suspensions of muscle cells isolated separately from the longitudinal and circular muscle layers, single perfused muscle cells, and cultures of human intestinal muscle cells. Receptors for the following myenteric neuropeptides will be examined: opioid peptide derivatives of proenkephalin and prodynorphin; mammalian tachykinins (SP, SK and NK); mammalian bombesins (GRP1-27, GRP18-27 and neuromedin B); CCK-8 and CCK-33; VIP and PHI/PHM. Receptor enrichment with protective ligands and site-directed alkylating agents will be used as an adjunct in characterization of multiple receptor subtypes. Interaction between co-localized neuropeptides will be examined with respect to enhancement or desensitization of specific receptors. Signal transduction mechanisms for contractile and relaxant neuropeptides will be determined in intact and permeabilized muscle cells. In addition to measurement of contraction and relaxation, the following types of measurements have been validated for use in muscle cells: cytosolic free Ca2+ with quin2 and fura2, net 45Ca2+ flux, membrane potential with voltage-sensitive fluorescent dyes, cyclic AMP and GMP and the phosphorylated fraction of myosin light chain. The role of inositol trisphosphate in Ca2+ mobilization, protein kinase C in sustained contraction, and cyclic nucleotides in relaxation will be evaluated. The regulation of CCK and somatostatin secretion by submucosal neuropeptides will be examined in three versatile in vitro preparations: vascularly perfused intestinal segments, superfused mucosal slices, and intestinal mucosal membranes mounted in an Ussing chamber. In earlier studies on the stomach, we have shown these preparations to be suitable for characterization of the regulatory influence of cholinergic and peptidergic neurons on endocrine and paracrine secretion.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Type
Method to Extend Research in Time (MERIT) Award (R37)
Project #
5R37DK015564-24
Application #
2136929
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (NSS)
Project Start
1979-04-01
Project End
1996-03-31
Budget Start
1995-04-01
Budget End
1996-03-31
Support Year
24
Fiscal Year
1995
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Virginia Commonwealth University
Department
Internal Medicine/Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
City
Richmond
State
VA
Country
United States
Zip Code
23298
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Huang, Jiean; Nalli, Ancy D; Mahavadi, Sunila et al. (2014) Inhibition of G?i activity by G?? is mediated by PI 3-kinase-?- and cSrc-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation of G?i and recruitment of RGS12. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 306:G802-10
Mahavadi, Sunila; Bhattacharya, Sayak; Kumar, Divya P et al. (2013) Increased PDE5 activity and decreased Rho kinase and PKC activities in colonic muscle from caveolin-1-/- mice impair the peristaltic reflex and propulsion. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 305:G964-74
Alkahtani, Reem; Mahavadi, Sunila; Al-Shboul, Othman et al. (2013) Changes in the expression of smooth muscle contractile proteins in TNBS- and DSS-induced colitis in mice. Inflammation 36:1304-15
Bhattacharya, Sayak; Mahavadi, Sunila; Al-Shboul, Othman et al. (2013) Differential regulation of muscarinic M2 and M3 receptor signaling in gastrointestinal smooth muscle by caveolin-1. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 305:C334-47

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