Many disease processes cause profound changes in the mechanical properties of tissue, providing motivation for developing technologies to measure these properties for diagnostic purposes. In addition, over the last decade there has been growing awareness of the importance of tissue matrix mechanics on cellular function. Cells react to the dynamic and static properties of their matrix environment through mechanotransduction and cytoskeletal remodeling. It is now known that mechanobiology has an important role in the origin and evolution of many disease processes, including fibrosis and cancer. The goal of this research is to develop advanced MRI-based technologies for quantitatively assessing the mechanical properties of tissue and to explore and translate high-impact clinical and research applications. MR Elastography (MRE) is based on the principle that propagating mechanical waves reflect the properties of their medium. Shear waves are generated in the body and imaged with MRI techniques that have the remarkable ability to depict cyclic motions as small as 100 nanometers. The data are processed with inversion algorithms to provide cross-sectional images quantitatively depicting mechanical properties such as the complex shear modulus. In the last grant cycle, the hepatic MRE technology developed under this grant was successfully translated into wide clinical practice and is now used in patient care at hundreds of medical facilities around the world. Liver fibrosis is an important health problem with a rising prevalence in the US population. For many patients, MRE provides a safer, more comfortable, and less expensive alternative to liver biopsy for diagnosing this condition. Research has revealed many other promising applications, including noninvasive diagnosis of fibrosis and inflammation in other organs, detection and characterization of malignancies, providing new biomarkers to assess brain disease, and as a tool in basic research mechanobiology at the tissue and organ scales. As in the last grant cycle, the primary focus of the work will continue to be advanced technology development, to enable further basic and clinical research in this promising field, as well as to conduct pilot studies to identify clincal applications, and to develop practical protocols that will allow validation and eventual translatio to MRE to clinical practice. The research plan involves theoretical work, basic MRI pulse sequence development, device engineering, and protocol testing studies with normal and patient volunteers. Innovative approaches will be implemented and evaluated for generating mechanical waves in tissue, acquiring image data, and processing to generate quantitative images depicting previously inaccessible biomarkers. These technologies will be integrated into protocols that can be shared with other investigators and used to explore the practicality and value of promising applications.

Public Health Relevance

This research will develop and explore a new imaging technology (MR Elastography) that provides unique diagnostic information that cannot be obtained using conventional imaging techniques. The research has already shown that MR Elastography has a promising role in the detection of important complications of chronic liver disease, an important health problem in the US and worldwide, as an alternative to invasive biopsy. MR Elastography has many other potential applications, such as cancer detection.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB)
Type
Method to Extend Research in Time (MERIT) Award (R37)
Project #
5R37EB001981-19
Application #
9816631
Study Section
Medical Imaging Study Section (MEDI)
Program Officer
Liu, Guoying
Project Start
1997-07-05
Project End
2020-11-30
Budget Start
2019-12-01
Budget End
2020-11-30
Support Year
19
Fiscal Year
2020
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Mayo Clinic, Rochester
Department
Type
DUNS #
006471700
City
Rochester
State
MN
Country
United States
Zip Code
55905
Ebersole, Christopher; Ahmad, Rizwan; Rich, Adam V et al. (2018) A bayesian method for accelerated magnetic resonance elastography of the liver. Magn Reson Med 80:1178-1188
Yin, Ziying; Sui, Yi; Trzasko, Joshua D et al. (2018) In vivo characterization of 3D skull and brain motion during dynamic head vibration using magnetic resonance elastography. Magn Reson Med 80:2573-2585
Caussy, Cyrielle; Chen, Jun; Alquiraish, Mosab H et al. (2018) Association Between Obesity and Discordance in Fibrosis Stage Determination by Magnetic Resonance vs Transient Elastography in Patients With Nonalcoholic Liver Disease. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 16:1974-1982.e7
Kellman, Michael; Rivest, Francois; Pechacek, Alina et al. (2018) Node-Pore Coded Coincidence Correction: Coulter Counters, Code Design, and Sparse Deconvolution. IEEE Sens J 18:3068-3079
Arunachalam, Shivaram P; Arani, Arvin; Baffour, Francis et al. (2018) Regional assessment of in vivo myocardial stiffness using 3D magnetic resonance elastography in a porcine model of myocardial infarction. Magn Reson Med 79:361-369
Cunha, Guilherme Moura; Glaser, Kevin J; Bergman, Anke et al. (2018) Feasibility and agreement of stiffness measurements using gradient-echo and spin-echo MR elastography sequences in unselected patients undergoing liver MRI. Br J Radiol 91:20180126
Arani, Arvin; Min, Hoon-Ki; Fattahi, Nikoo et al. (2018) Acute pressure changes in the brain are correlated with MR elastography stiffness measurements: initial feasibility in an in vivo large animal model. Magn Reson Med 79:1043-1051
Wang, Min; Gao, Feng; Wang, Xiaoqi et al. (2018) Magnetic resonance elastography and T1 mapping for early diagnosis and classification of chronic pancreatitis. J Magn Reson Imaging :
Pepin, K M; McGee, K P; Arani, A et al. (2018) MR Elastography Analysis of Glioma Stiffness and IDH1-Mutation Status. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 39:31-36
Sui, Yi; Arunachalam, Shivaram P; Arani, Arvin et al. (2018) Cardiac MR elastography using reduced-FOV, single-shot, spin-echo EPI. Magn Reson Med 80:231-238

Showing the most recent 10 out of 98 publications