Complex social communication via language is a central aspect of human interactions. A key neural process underlying language is vocal learning, the ability to learn the particular sound combinations that compose a language. While most people learn their primary language(s) as children, learning of a new language as an adult does occur, particularly by foreign-born immigrants but also by recipients of cochlear implants and by stroke victims. Yet little is known about how the adult brain learns languages. Mutations in the transcription factor FoxP2 are known to be responsible for speech defects in humans. Work in the zebra finch, a songbird models for vocal learning, has suggested that the transcription factor FoxP2 plays an important role during the juvenile phase in regulating other genes that structure the neural centers for vocal learning and enhance the neural connections required for learning. Importantly, the zebra finch is capable of learning only as a juvenile, limiting its effectiveness as a model for adult vocal learning. In this SC1 project we will employ an alternative model, the budgerigar (a small parrot) that commonly learns new calls as an adult. We will use this model to investigate of the role of FoxP2 in adult vocal learning. We will use a viral vector developed for gene therapy to increase the gene expression of FoxP2 in a particular vocal learning center of budgerigars. We will then examine the resulting effects on vocal plasticity, social behavior, neuron shape and networks of gene expression. We predict that elevated FoxP2 activity will inhibit vocal plasticity and reduce or block completely the abiliy of treated birds to learn new vocalizations. Students and a postdoctoral trainee from a minority-serving institution will be involved in all aspects of the research and will receive training in cutting-edge techniques in neuroscience from a suite of highly-experienced collaborators.

Public Health Relevance

While most people learn a primary language as children, adult language learning is an important process for immigrants, stroke victims, and recipients of cochlear implants. It remains unclear what neural mechanisms underlie adult learning and whether these differ from those employed in juvenile learning. This project will examine the role of a key gene, FoxP2, in an animal model for adult vocal learning and provide biomedical research training to students and postdoctoral trainees at a minority-serving institution.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
Type
Research Enhancement Award (SC1)
Project #
5SC1GM112582-06
Application #
9127274
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZGM1)
Program Officer
Zlotnik, Hinda
Project Start
2015-08-15
Project End
2019-07-31
Budget Start
2016-08-01
Budget End
2017-07-31
Support Year
6
Fiscal Year
2016
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
New Mexico State University Las Cruces
Department
Biology
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
173851965
City
Las Cruces
State
NM
Country
United States
Zip Code
88003
Wright, Timothy F; Dahlin, Christine R (2018) Vocal dialects in parrots: patterns and processes of cultural evolution. Emu 118:50-66
Medina-García, Angela; Jawor, Jodie M; Wright, Timothy F (2017) Cognition, personality, and stress in budgerigars, Melopsittacus undulatus. Behav Ecol 28:1504-1516
Tobin, Cole; Medina-García, Angela; Kohn, Gregory M et al. (2017) Does audience affect the structure of warble song in budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus)? Behav Processes :
Sewall, Kendra B; Young, Anna M; Wright, Timothy F (2016) Social calls provide novel insights into the evolution of vocal learning. Anim Behav 120:163-172