The project involves the synthesis and testing of a variety of antiviral compounds that are directed against NIAID Category A, B &C Priority Pathogens. The parent compounds have been shown to have antiviral properties and we propose to synthesize a variety of analogs of the parent compounds in order to optimize their antiviral activities and pharmaceutical properties. To determine the suitability of these compounds for oral delivery, compounds will be tested for the biopharmaceutical properties of 1) solubility and stability in gastric and intestinal buffers and 2) intestinal permeability. Further, transport studies will be performed to determine the mechanism of intestinal uptake. To determine the metabolism of compounds (or """"""""activation"""""""" in the case of prodrugs) in the target tissue, compounds will be screened for stability in a variety of tissue homogenates including intestinal and liver homogenates, virally-infected cell homogenates, and purified activation enzymes (e.g., BPHL). To determine the activity of the compounds, they will be screened for anti-viral activity against a variety of viral targets in tissue culture models. Using gene chip analysis and proteomic methodologies, the effect of the prodrug compounds will be evaluated in virally-infected cell based systems and correlated with the observed activities and expression levels of relevant transporters and potential activation enzymes. Finally, lead candidates that arise from this screening process will be tested for bioavailability in rats. Initial toxicology testing (14 day) will be performed on leads showing good bioavailability.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Type
Research Project--Cooperative Agreements (U01)
Project #
5U01AI061457-05
Application #
7614260
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZAI1-LR-M (M1))
Program Officer
Challberg, Mark D
Project Start
2005-02-01
Project End
2010-01-31
Budget Start
2009-02-01
Budget End
2010-01-31
Support Year
5
Fiscal Year
2009
Total Cost
$1,114,210
Indirect Cost
Name
Tsrl, Inc.
Department
Type
DUNS #
156551699
City
Ann Arbor
State
MI
Country
United States
Zip Code
48108
Krylov, Ivan S; Kashemirov, Boris A; Hilfinger, John M et al. (2013) Evolution of an amino acid based prodrug approach: stay tuned. Mol Pharm 10:445-58
Krylov, Ivan S; Zakharova, Valeria M; Serpi, Michaela et al. (2012) Structure of cyclic nucleoside phosphonate ester prodrugs: an inquiry. J Org Chem 77:684-9
Zakharova, Valeria M; Serpi, Michaela; Krylov, Ivan S et al. (2011) Tyrosine-based 1-(S)-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]cytosine and -adenine ((S)-HPMPC and (S)-HPMPA) prodrugs: synthesis, stability, antiviral activity, and in vivo transport studies. J Med Chem 54:5680-93
Zakharova, Valeria M; Krylov, Ivan S; Serpi, Michaela et al. (2011) Approaches to tyrosine-linked peptidomimetic prodrugs of (S)-HPMP-based acyclic nucleoside phosphonates. Phosphorus Sulfur Silicon Relat Elem 186:968-969
Peterson, Larryn W; Kim, Jae-Seung; Kijek, Paul et al. (2011) Synthesis, transport and antiviral activity of Ala-Ser and Val-Ser prodrugs of cidofovir. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 21:4045-9
Sun, Jing; Dahan, Arik; Amidon, Gordon L (2010) Enhancing the intestinal absorption of molecules containing the polar guanidino functionality: a double-targeted prodrug approach. J Med Chem 53:624-32
Serpi, Michaela; Krylov, Ivan S; Zakharova, Valeria M et al. (2010) Synthesis of peptidomimetic conjugates of cyclic nucleoside phosphonates. Curr Protoc Nucleic Acid Chem Chapter 15:Unit15.4
Tehler, Ulrika; Nelson, Cara H; Peterson, Larryn W et al. (2010) Puromycin-sensitive aminopeptidase: an antiviral prodrug activating enzyme. Antiviral Res 85:482-9
Peterson, Larryn W; Sala-Rabanal, Monica; Krylov, Ivan S et al. (2010) Serine side chain-linked peptidomimetic conjugates of cyclic HPMPC and HPMPA: synthesis and interaction with hPEPT1. Mol Pharm 7:2349-61
Peterson, Larryn W; McKenna, Charles E (2009) Prodrug approaches to improving the oral absorption of antiviral nucleotide analogues. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 6:405-20

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