This application brings together a strong interdisciplinary team of scientists at the UCSF Center for Obesity Assessment, Study and Treatment (COAST) with researchers at Kaiser-Permanente to test novel interventions based on the physiology by which stress and reward from palatable food influence eating behaviors and abdominal fat deposition. This type of eating is typically non-homeostatic (not meeting caloric deficit). We plan to reduce this type of intake through proof-of-concept and intervention strategies tailored for obese lower income women prior to pregnancy, a critical period for intervention, which may affect gestational weight gain, postpartum weight retention, and offspring weight. Our translational approach draws from the psychology of eating and behavior change, and neuroscience of stress, appetite and reward, to test whether modulating the reward and stress response systems reduces abdominal obesity and weight. In Phase 1 &2, we will develop and compare two distinct interventions that target diet, activity, and stress but with different conceptual bases: (1): Developmental Skills Training (DST) designed to curb addictions through promoting self-regulation of emotions and eating behavior. (2);Mindfulness and Diet (MIND) aimed to reduce stress and improve awareness of hunger-satiety cues and automatic eating patterns through mindfulness and mindful eating. Preliminary data on each intervention are promising. We will also test an indirect measure of endogenous opioid tone that may provide insight into mechanisms of weight loss. Pilot research has shown that response to a naltrexone """"""""opioid probe"""""""" is linked to indices of non-homeostatic eating and predicts weight loss. We will test the utility of this opioid probe to determine if it changes during treatment and predicts change in eating and abdominal fat. In Phase 2, we will randomize 80 obese women intending to become pregnant to a 3 month proof-of-concept trial of DST and MIND, to compare relative effects on proposed mechanisms (stress, opioid tone), and feasibility. In Phase 3, we will refine and test the efficacy of the most successful intervention then randomize 120 pre-pregnant obese women to the selected intervention or active control condition (diet and exercise alone). These efforts will produce promising intervention strategies for curbing obesity in women during their reproductive years. All phases will be informed by input from a Scientific Advisory panel and Data Safety and Monitoring Board. Accomplishing the aims of this proposal will expand current understanding of the mechanisms that lead to sustained weight reduction, and will inform further study of alternative strategies for obesity intervention.

Public Health Relevance

The proposed research develops new obesity interventions based on the science of how stress influences the rewarding value of food, and promotes compulsive eating. We will test promising interventions, with women intending to become pregnant that will result in a new prevention programs that are more effective for sustained weight loss maintenance than what is currently available. This program could have a broad public health impact by improving maternal heath and potentially benefiting the next generation.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Research Project--Cooperative Agreements (U01)
Project #
5U01HL097973-04
Application #
8319447
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZHL1-CSR-H (S1))
Program Officer
Czajkowski, Susan
Project Start
2009-09-25
Project End
2015-06-30
Budget Start
2012-07-01
Budget End
2014-06-30
Support Year
4
Fiscal Year
2012
Total Cost
$1,135,930
Indirect Cost
$611,682
Name
University of California San Francisco
Department
Psychiatry
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
094878337
City
San Francisco
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
94143
Mason, Ashley E; Schleicher, Samantha; Coccia, Michael et al. (2018) Chronic Stress and Impulsive Risk-Taking Predict Increases in Visceral Fat over 18 Months. Obesity (Silver Spring) 26:869-876
Laraia, B A; Adler, N E; Coleman-Phox, K et al. (2018) Novel Interventions to Reduce Stress and Overeating in Overweight Pregnant Women: A Feasibility Study. Matern Child Health J 22:670-678
Vieten, Cassandra; Laraia, Barbara A; Kristeller, Jean et al. (2018) The mindful moms training: development of a mindfulness-based intervention to reduce stress and overeating during pregnancy. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 18:201
Zota, Ami R; Geller, Ruth J; Romano, Laura E et al. (2018) Association between persistent endocrine-disrupting chemicals (PBDEs, OH-PBDEs, PCBs, and PFASs) and biomarkers of inflammation and cellular aging during pregnancy and postpartum. Environ Int 115:9-20
Felder, Jennifer N; Laraia, Barbara; Coleman-Phox, Kimberly et al. (2018) Poor Sleep Quality, Psychological Distress, and the Buffering Effect of Mindfulness Training During Pregnancy. Behav Sleep Med 16:611-624
Jones-Mason, Karen M; Coccia, Michael; Grover, Stephanie et al. (2018) Basal and reactivity levels of cortisol in one-month-old infants born to overweight or obese mothers from an ethnically and racially diverse, low-income community sample. Psychoneuroendocrinology 88:115-120
Roubinov, Danielle S; Felder, Jennifer N; Vieten, Cassandra et al. (2018) Maternal depressive symptoms and infant healthcare utilization: The moderating role of prenatal mindfulness. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 53:82-83
Bush, Nicole R; Jones-Mason, Karen; Coccia, Michael et al. (2017) Effects of pre- and postnatal maternal stress on infant temperament and autonomic nervous system reactivity and regulation in a diverse, low-income population. Dev Psychopathol 29:1553-1571
Congdon, Jayme L; Adler, Nancy E; Epel, Elissa S et al. (2016) A Prospective Investigation of Prenatal Mood and Childbirth Perceptions in an Ethnically Diverse, Low-Income Sample. Birth 43:159-66
Bush, Nicole R; Caron, Zoe K; Blackburn, Katherine S et al. (2016) Measuring Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) Activity in Toddlers - Resting and Developmental Challenges. J Vis Exp :53652

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