There is a compelling need for prospective, properly controlled studies in women with epilepsy (WWE) during pregnancy to improve maternal and child outcomes. The proposed investigations are pertinent to the NINDS Epilepsy Research Benchmarks and will address multiple gaps in our knowledge noted by the recent American Academy of Neurology guidelines. This multicenter investigation will employ a prospective, observational, parallel-group, cohort design with an established research team.
The specific aims are to: 1) Determine if WWE have increased seizures during pregnancy and delineate the contributing factors; 2) Determine if C-section rate is increased in WWE and delineate contributing factors; 3) Determine if WWE have an increased risk for depression during pregnancy and post-partum period and characterize risks factors; 4) Determine the long- term effects of in utero AED exposure on verbal intellectual abilities and other neurobehavioral outcomes in the children of WWE; 5) Determine if small for gestation age and other adverse neonatal outcomes are increased in children of WWE; 6) Determine if breastfeeding when taking AEDs impairs the child's verbal intellectual and other cognitive abilities. An overall goal f the proposed research is to establish the relationship between AED exposure and outcomes in the mother and child as well as describe and explain the variability in AED exposure and response. Anticonvulsant blood levels (ABLs) and area-under-the- concentration-time-curves (AUCs) will be used as direct measures of drug exposure. The results will enable clinicians to prospectively calculate individual dosing regimens for the mother in order to optimize dosing and limit unnecessary drug exposure to the child. In addition, genetic samples will be collected, which will provide a valuable resource for future pharmacogenetics studies to further delineate individual variability across patients.

Public Health Relevance

Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders affecting women of childbearing age. Poor pregnancy outcomes are increased in these women and their children. The proposed studies will increase our knowledge on multiple levels to improve care and reduce adverse outcomes in these mothers and children.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
Type
Research Project--Cooperative Agreements (U01)
Project #
5U01NS050659-09
Application #
8894094
Study Section
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Initial Review Group (NSD)
Program Officer
Fureman, Brandy E
Project Start
2004-09-25
Project End
2017-07-31
Budget Start
2015-08-01
Budget End
2016-07-31
Support Year
9
Fiscal Year
2015
Total Cost
$653,926
Indirect Cost
$227,535
Name
Emmes Corporation
Department
Type
DUNS #
096360284
City
Rockville
State
MD
Country
United States
Zip Code
20850
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Meador, Kimford J; Baker, Gus A; Browning, Nancy et al. (2014) Breastfeeding in children of women taking antiepileptic drugs: cognitive outcomes at age 6 years. JAMA Pediatr 168:729-36
Cohen, Morris J; Meador, Kimford J; Browning, Nancy et al. (2013) Fetal antiepileptic drug exposure: Adaptive and emotional/behavioral functioning at age 6years. Epilepsy Behav 29:308-15
Meador, Kimford J; Baker, Gus A; Browning, Nancy et al. (2013) Fetal antiepileptic drug exposure and cognitive outcomes at age 6 years (NEAD study): a prospective observational study. Lancet Neurol 12:244-52
Pennell, P B; Klein, A M; Browning, N et al. (2012) Differential effects of antiepileptic drugs on neonatal outcomes. Epilepsy Behav 24:449-56
Meador, K J; Baker, G A; Browning, N et al. (2012) Effects of fetal antiepileptic drug exposure: outcomes at age 4.5 years. Neurology 78:1207-14