The goal of this project is to evaluate the contribution of genetic and environmental factors to the etiology of Parkinson's disease. We propose a four year study in the prevalent cases of Parkinson's disease in a unique, population-based twin registry, maintained by the National Academy of Sciences National Research Council. There are approximately 6,000 surviving pairs in which both members are still living in this cohort, formed from white male twins born between 1917-1924 and both serving in the US military. Prevalent cases will be identified by a three-step process, beginning with a brief telephone screen, followed by a more detailed telephone interview and finalized by a neurologic examination. Co-twins of all affected twins will also be examined. Applying community-based incidence estimates, we estimate between 110 - 120 prevalent cases of Parkinson's disease in 1993. The contribution of genetic susceptibility will be evaluated by comparing concordance rates in monozygotic and dizygotic twins. A detailed telephone-administered interview will be used to collect information on exposures and family history, and the role of these factors will be examined using case-control methods in discordant pairs. Shared and nonshared genetic influences on susceptibility to Parkinson's disease, dementia and essential tremor will be investigated by examining co-occurrence of these disorders within first degree relatives. Evaluation of similar hypotheses with respect to Alzheimer's disease is successfully underway in this cohort, under the supervision of one of the co-investigators on this project. A particular strength of this proposal is the shared methods between these two studies.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
Type
Cooperative Clinical Research--Cooperative Agreements (U10)
Project #
5U10NS031321-03
Application #
2269246
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (SRC (08))
Project Start
1992-09-30
Project End
1996-09-29
Budget Start
1994-09-30
Budget End
1995-09-29
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
1994
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Parkinson's Institute
Department
Type
DUNS #
614259935
City
Sunnyvale
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
94085
Goldman, Samuel M; Quinlan, Patricia J; Ross, G Webster et al. (2012) Solvent exposures and Parkinson disease risk in twins. Ann Neurol 71:776-84
Goldman, Samuel M; Tanner, Caroline M; Oakes, David et al. (2006) Head injury and Parkinson's disease risk in twins. Ann Neurol 60:65-72
Reed, Terry; Plassman, Brenda L; Tanner, Caroline M et al. (2005) Verification of self-report of zygosity determined via DNA testing in a subset of the NAS-NRC twin registry 40 years later. Twin Res Hum Genet 8:362-7
Marras, Connie; Goldman, Samuel; Smith, Amanda et al. (2005) Smell identification ability in twin pairs discordant for Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 20:687-93
Tanner, C M; Goldman, S M; Aston, D A et al. (2002) Smoking and Parkinson's disease in twins. Neurology 58:581-8
Tanner, C M; Goldman, S M; Lyons, K E et al. (2001) Essential tremor in twins: an assessment of genetic vs environmental determinants of etiology. Neurology 57:1389-91
Ottman, R (1994) Epidemiologic analysis of gene-environment interaction in twins. Genet Epidemiol 11:75-86