Cancer-associated myofibroblasts are distinct from normal fibroblasts and appear to contribute directly to the progression of many cancers, but the reason for these differences has not been clarified. Gastric cancer is the 2nd leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide, and has been strongly linked to infection with Helicobacter pylori, a pathogen that induces chronic gastritis. Work from our laboratory employing a murine model of Helicobacter-dependent gastric cancer has revealed that circulating bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMDCs) are recruited to the stomach by chronic inflammation, and then undergo progression to metaplasia, dysplasia and cancer. We have postulated that this abnormal progression is due to an """"""""alterred niche"""""""" and in a variety of mouse models there is an early and marked increase in activated myofibroblasts. Work from our laboratory has shown that activated myofibroblasts in the inflamed stomach can be bone marrow-derived, and that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can give rise to both myofibroblasts and gasric epithelial progenitors. It is our hypothesis that the unique properties of cancer-associated myofibroblasts is due in part to their origin from bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. In order to investigate this novel hypothesis regarding tumor stroma, we are proposing four specific aims. (1) In the first aim, we will utilize trangenic reporter gene mice (alpha-SMA-RFP and collagen-EGFP/luciferase) to characterize the changes in stroma that occur during chronic Helicobacter infection, and explore the nature of bone marrow -derived myofibroblasts. These studies will include both microarrays and imaging (bioluminescence, optical and MRI). (2) In the second aim, we will characterize human gastric myofibroblasts from both normal and neoplastic tissues and examine their gene expression/proteome and study their interactions with normal and neoplastic epithelial cells, (3) We will then test the hypothesis that BMDCs (primarily MSCs) can give rise to both myofibroblasts and dysplastic epithelial cells, and that chronic inflammation and TGF-beta signaling are critical to these lineage decisions. (4) Finally, we will examine the role of a key chemokine (SDF-1) in the recruitment of BMDCs and progression to gastric cancer. Overall, these studies will clarify the role of inflammation-dependent stem cell recruitment in the development of the abnormal stromal environment that characterizes the earliest stages of gastric carcinogenesis.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Specialized Center--Cooperative Agreements (U54)
Project #
5U54CA126513-04
Application #
7911802
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZCA1)
Project Start
Project End
Budget Start
2009-09-01
Budget End
2010-08-31
Support Year
4
Fiscal Year
2009
Total Cost
$582,298
Indirect Cost
Name
Columbia University (N.Y.)
Department
Type
DUNS #
621889815
City
New York
State
NY
Country
United States
Zip Code
10032
Hayakawa, Yoku; Fox, James G; Wang, Timothy C (2017) Isthmus Stem Cells Are the Origins of Metaplasia in the Gastric Corpus. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 4:89-94
Hayakawa, Yoku; Fox, James G; Wang, Timothy C (2017) The Origins of Gastric Cancer From Gastric Stem Cells: LessonsĀ From Mouse Models. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 3:331-338
Hayakawa, Yoku; Sakitani, Kosuke; Konishi, Mitsuru et al. (2017) Nerve Growth Factor Promotes Gastric Tumorigenesis through Aberrant Cholinergic Signaling. Cancer Cell 31:21-34
Sakitani, Kosuke; Hayakawa, Yoku; Deng, Huan et al. (2017) CXCR4-expressing Mist1+ progenitors in the gastric antrum contribute to gastric cancer development. Oncotarget 8:111012-111025
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Hayakawa, Yoku; Ariyama, Hiroshi; Stancikova, Jitka et al. (2015) Mist1 Expressing Gastric Stem Cells Maintain the Normal and Neoplastic Gastric Epithelium and Are Supported by a Perivascular Stem Cell Niche. Cancer Cell 28:800-814
Zhao, Chun-Mei; Hayakawa, Yoku; Kodama, Yosuke et al. (2014) Denervation suppresses gastric tumorigenesis. Sci Transl Med 6:250ra115
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Kumar, J Dinesh; Holmberg, Chris; Kandola, Sandhir et al. (2014) Increased expression of chemerin in squamous esophageal cancer myofibroblasts and role in recruitment of mesenchymal stromal cells. PLoS One 9:e104877
Shakya, Reena; Gonda, Tamas; Quante, Michael et al. (2013) Hypomethylating therapy in an aggressive stroma-rich model of pancreatic carcinoma. Cancer Res 73:885-96

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