Use of an in Vivo Model System to Investigate Niddm

Egan, J.

Abstract

Age is an independent risk factor for NIDDM. A decline in insulin secretion and a decrease in insulin action occur as people age. This combination makes people more prone to develop NIDDM. A similar phenomenon occurs in Wistar rats. We are using the beta cells from Wistar rats in the aged colony at the GRC to study changes with insulin secretion. We found that mRNA for insulin is preferentially diminished in islets, with glucokinase and glucagon messages unaffected. Therefore, one can envision when a stress is put on the system so more insulin is required, diabetes could result. We are exploring what factors lead to this diminution of insulin message and the possibility that we can prevent or reverse it. We have found the GLP-1 can somewhat restore the number of cells that are again responsive.

Funding Agency

• Agency: National Institute of Health (NIH)
• Institute: National Institute on Aging (NIA)
• Type: Intramural Research (Z01)
• Project #: 1Z01AG000214-04
• Application #: 3745453
• Support Year: 4
• Fiscal Year: 1994

Institution

• Name: National Institute on Aging
• Country: United States

Publications

Carlson, Olga D; David, Jehan D; Schrieder, Jessica M et al. (2007) Contribution of nonesterified fatty acids to insulin resistance in the elderly with normal fasting but diabetic 2-hour postchallenge plasma glucose levels: the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. Metabolism 56:1444-51

Doyle, Maire E; Egan, Josephine M (2007) Mechanisms of action of glucagon-like peptide 1 in the pancreas. Pharmacol Ther 113:546-93

Mager, Donald E; Abernethy, Darrell R; Egan, Josephine M et al. (2004) Exendin-4 pharmacodynamics: insights from the hyperglycemic clamp technique. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 311:830-5

Meneilly, Graydon S; Greig, Nigel; Tildesley, Hugh et al. (2003) Effects of 3 months of continuous subcutaneous administration of glucagon-like peptide 1 in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 26:2835-41

Elahi, Dariush; Muller, Denis C; Egan, Josephine M et al. (2002) Glucose tolerance, glucose utilization and insulin secretion in ageing. Novartis Found Symp 242:222-42; discussion 242-6

Egan, Josephine M; Meneilly, Graydon S; Habener, Joel F et al. (2002) Glucagon-like peptide-1 augments insulin-mediated glucose uptake in the obese state. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87:3768-73

Zhou, Jie; Pineyro, Marco A; Wang, Xiaolin et al. (2002) Exendin-4 differentiation of a human pancreatic duct cell line into endocrine cells: involvement of PDX-1 and HNF3beta transcription factors. J Cell Physiol 192:304-14

Vila Petroff, M G; Egan, J M; Wang, X et al. (2001) Glucagon-like peptide-1 increases cAMP but fails to augment contraction in adult rat cardiac myocytes. Circ Res 89:445-52

Wang, X; Zhou, J; Doyle, M E et al. (2001) Glucagon-like peptide-1 causes pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1 protein translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus of pancreatic beta-cells by a cyclic adenosine monophosphate/protein kinase A-dependent mechanism. Endocrinology 142:1820-7

Meneilly, G S; McIntosh, C H; Pederson, R A et al. (2001) Glucagon-like peptide-1 (7-37) augments insulin release in elderly patients with diabetes. Diabetes Care 24:964-5