This laboratory's research program is focused on the genetics and cell and molecular biology of cardiovascular development. An integration of whole animal imaging, microscopy, and genomic and proteomic approaches are being utilized to elucidate the cell signaling pathways that regulate cardiovascular development. One project entail studies aimed at understanding the role of two extracardiac cell populations, the cardiac neural crest and the proepicardially derived cells, in the modulation of cardiovascular development and function. These studies will help elucidate cellular and molecular mechanisms that regulate outflow tract morphogenesis and coronary artery development. An integration of cell biological and molecular approaches together with animal imaging studies with microCT scanning are being used for these studies. A related second area of research interest is the cell signaling function of connexin gap junction protein, and its role in modulating cardiovascular development through the regulation of proepicardial and neural crest cell migration. Present studies are focused on identifying protein-protein interactions essential in this novel connexin mediated cell signaling function. These studies entail the use of transgenic animal models and cultured cells together with proteomic methods, including mass spectrometry, to identify the interacting proteins. A third project involves the use of a discovery approach to identify novel genes essential for mammalian cardiovascular development. Noninvasive prenatal ultrasound imaging is being used to screen ENU mutagenized mice for congenital cardiovascular defects. Nearly 5,000 mouse fetuses have been ultrasound scanned thus far from over 200 ENU mutagenized families. More then 50 of these families were identified with congenital heart defects and together they show phenotypes that include all of the major congenital heart defects seen clinically. Heritability testing and genome scans with microsatellite DNA markers are under way to map the mutations and identify candidate genes. Such studies will help identify novel genes and reveal novel gene functions essential for cardiovascular development and function. A fourth project underway entails using a genotype based screen of EMS mutagenized embryonic stem cells to generate new mouse models harboring connexin gene mutations. At present over 10 connexin mutations have been identified, and two of these have been converted to mice for phenotypic analysis. Such studies should provide new insights into connexin function in cardiovascular development. A fifth project initiated this past year entails the development of episcopic fluorescence image capture (EFIC) for phenotyping mouse cardiovascular development using 3 dimensional (3D) histological reconstructions. EFIC is being combined with laser capture microscopy to retrieve RNA from tissue sections for gene expression profiling by gene chip microarray analysis. The expression profiles obtained are to be mapped back to the 3D volumes to generate 3D gene expression maps of the developing cardiovascular system. We plan to use this experimental approach to characterize the gene expresson profiles of abnormal development associated with mutant mouse models exhibiting congenital cardiovascular anomalies.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Intramural Research (Z01)
Project #
1Z01HL005701-02
Application #
6818355
Study Section
(LDB)
Project Start
Project End
Budget Start
Budget End
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2003
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
U.S. National Heart Lung and Blood Inst
Department
Type
DUNS #
City
State
Country
United States
Zip Code
Krishnan, Anita; Samtani, Rajeev; Dhanantwari, Preeta et al. (2014) A detailed comparison of mouse and human cardiac development. Pediatr Res 76:500-7
Francis, Richard J B; Christopher, Adam; Devine, William A et al. (2012) Congenital heart disease and the specification of left-right asymmetry. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 302:H2102-11
Francis, Richard; Xu, Xin; Park, Hyunsoo et al. (2011) Connexin43 modulates cell polarity and directional cell migration by regulating microtubule dynamics. PLoS One 6:e26379
Swisher, Matthew; Jonas, Richard; Tian, Xin et al. (2011) Increased postoperative and respiratory complications in patients with congenital heart disease associated with heterotaxy. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 141:637-44, 644.e1-3
Huang, Guo-Ying; Xie, Li-Jian; Linask, Kaari L et al. (2011) Evaluating the role of connexin43 in congenital heart disease: Screening for mutations in patients with outflow tract anomalies and the analysis of knock-in mouse models. J Cardiovasc Dis Res 2:206-12
Cui, Cheng; Chatterjee, Bishwanath; Francis, Deanne et al. (2011) Disruption of Mks1 localization to the mother centriole causes cilia defects and developmental malformations in Meckel-Gruber syndrome. Dis Model Mech 4:43-56
Zhang, Zhen; Alpert, Deanne; Francis, Richard et al. (2009) Massively parallel sequencing identifies the gene Megf8 with ENU-induced mutation causing heterotaxy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106:3219-24
Nomura-Kitabayashi, Aya; Phoon, Colin K L; Kishigami, Satoshi et al. (2009) Outflow tract cushions perform a critical valve-like function in the early embryonic heart requiring BMPRIA-mediated signaling in cardiac neural crest. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 297:H1617-28
Francis, Richard J B; Chatterjee, Bishwanath; Loges, Niki T et al. (2009) Initiation and maturation of cilia-generated flow in newborn and postnatal mouse airway. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 296:L1067-75
Rhee, David Y; Zhao, Xiao-Qing; Francis, Richard J B et al. (2009) Connexin 43 regulates epicardial cell polarity and migration in coronary vascular development. Development 136:3185-93

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