This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. Primary support for the subproject and the subproject's principal investigator may have been provided by other sources, including other NIH sources. The Total Cost listed for the subproject likely represents the estimated amount of Center infrastructure utilized by the subproject, not direct funding provided by the NCRR grant to the subproject or subproject staff. Despite the near complete suppression of detectable virus in many HIV infected patients undergoing highly active antiretroviral therapy, viremia reemerges rapidly after interruption of treatment. Postintegration latency refers to latently infected resting memory CD4+ T cells containing transcriptionally silent integrated HIV-1 genomes. Postintegration latency contributes to the persistence of the virus under HAART and represents a known barrier to eradication of HIV infection. To investigate novel approaches for AIDS therapy, our nonhuman primate model uses RT-SHIV, a chimera of simian immunodeficiency virus containing the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT). Methods were developed for extraction, pre-amplification and real-time PCR analyses of viral DNA (vDNA) and viral RNA (vRNA) in tissues from RT-SHIV-infected macaques. These methods were used to identify viral reservoirs in RT-SHIV-infected macaques treated with a potent HAART regimen consisting of efavirenz, emtricitabine and tenofovir. Viral RNA and DNA were detected during HAART in tissues from numerous anatomical locations. The highest levels of vDNA and vRNA in HAART-treated macaques were in lymphoid tissues, particularly spleen, lymph nodes, and gastrointestinal tract tissues. This study is the first comprehensive analysis of tissue and organ distribution of a primate AIDS virus during HAART. These data demonstrate widespread persistence of residual virus in tissues during HAART.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Center for Research Resources (NCRR)
Type
Primate Research Center Grants (P51)
Project #
5P51RR000169-50
Application #
8357270
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRR1-CM-5 (01))
Project Start
2011-05-01
Project End
2012-04-30
Budget Start
2011-05-01
Budget End
2012-04-30
Support Year
50
Fiscal Year
2011
Total Cost
$191,444
Indirect Cost
Name
University of California Davis
Department
Veterinary Sciences
Type
Schools of Veterinary Medicine
DUNS #
047120084
City
Davis
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
95618
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