This proposal describes a four-year basic science training program for the development of a career in academic Pediatric Gastroenterology. The prinicpal investigator, Dr. Elizabeth A. Marcus, a Clinical Instructor in Pediatric Gastroenterology at the University of California, Los Angeles with a projected title of Assistant Professor as of 7/1/13, is board-certified in General Pediatrics and Pediatric Gastroenterology. She completed Pediatrics residency at Children's Hospital Los Angeles. She participated in basic science research, studying the acid acclimation mechanisms and bacterial physiology of the gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori throughout medical school, residency, and fellowship. The current proposal incorporates a newly developed and divergent research focus, studying the effect of the bacteria and acidic pH on the gastric mucosa. The program outlined in this proposal will provide the applicant with an excellent research environment and protected time to attain the skills needed to achieve her goal of becoming an independent investigator. The mentor, Dr. George Sachs, is a recognized expert in gastric physiology, acid secretion, and bacterial factors associated with H. pylori acid acclimation. Dr. Sachs has a strong history of mentoring graduate students and postdoctoral fellows who have progressed to become independent investigators. Co-mentor Dr. David Scott will contribute expertise on H. pylori, microscopy, animal models, and eukaryotic cell systems. Co-mentor Dr. Charalabos Pothoulakis will provide expertise on inflammation and mucosal immunology. An advisory committee will monitor career development and provide additional training in immunology, mass spectrometry and epithelial physiology. The Department of Pediatrics has already committed 75% protected research time to the applicant. UCLA provides a rich research and academic environment that will foster the development of research independence. The proposed research focuses on how H. pylori, in coordination with gastric acidity, is able to injure the gastric mucosa and trigger development of advanced disease. H. pylori infection is highly prevalent worldwide and at a minimum causes gastric inflammation. Some of those infected progress to develop gastric or duodenal ulcer disease, gastric atrophy, and cancer. Treatment is becoming more difficult with emerging antibiotic resistance and problems with patient compliance with a complex treatment regimen. It is not definitively known how the bacteria are able to evade the immune system, leading to lifelong infection, or what factors contribute to development of advanced disease, although multiple bacterial and host factors have been studied. This proposal will use in vitro and in vivo model systems with physiologic similarities to the host environment to determine epithelial changes and alterations in immune response. Quantitative mass spectrometry using SILAC (Stable Isotope Labeling by Amino acids in Cell culture) technology will be used to study protein changes in the cell junction in response first to acidity, then to H. pylori infection. Candidiate proteins or pathways will be inhibited to confirm involvement. Confocal microscopy will be used to further study the cell junctions in co-culture with acidic pH. Cell layer resistance and permeability changes will be characterized. Mediators involved with the Th1 and Th17 immune responses will be studied in the context of H. pylori infection and acidic pH. H. pylori genes with increased expression in acid and in a gerbil model will be studied as potential modulators of immune response. Potent acid inhibition with a novel acid blocker in infected gerbils will be employed to determine the effect on bacterial load, inflammatory infiltrate, and cytokine production. It is anticipated that this work will add to the understanding of the mechanisms of gastric injury and will lead to development of novel treatment targets for both the infection and its short and long term consequences to the host.

Public Health Relevance

Stomach infection by Helicobacter pylori is a worldwide concern resulting in a spectrum of diseases, including ulcers and cancer. The proposed study will determine how the bacteria cause disease and how the stomach responds to infection. The results of this study will lead to improved treatment of the infection and prevention of H. pylori related disease.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Type
Clinical Investigator Award (CIA) (K08)
Project #
1K08DK100661-01
Application #
8617107
Study Section
Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases B Subcommittee (DDK)
Program Officer
Podskalny, Judith M,
Project Start
2014-08-15
Project End
2018-03-31
Budget Start
2014-08-15
Budget End
2015-08-14
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2014
Total Cost
$152,388
Indirect Cost
$11,288
Name
University of California Los Angeles
Department
Pediatrics
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
092530369
City
Los Angeles
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
90095
Sachs, G; Marcus, E A; Wen, Y et al. (2018) Editorial: control of acid secretion. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 48:682-683
Wen, Yi; Scott, David R; Vagin, Olga et al. (2018) Measurement of Internal pH in Helicobacter pylori by Using Green Fluorescent Protein Fluorimetry. J Bacteriol 200:
Marcus, Elizabeth A; Sachs, George; Scott, David R (2018) Acid-regulated gene expression of Helicobacter pylori: Insight into acid protection and gastric colonization. Helicobacter 23:e12490
Scott, David R; Marcus, Elizabeth A; Sachs, George (2016) Vonoprazan: MarKed Competition for PPIs? Dig Dis Sci 61:1783-4
Tokhtaeva, Elmira; Sun, Haying; Deiss-Yehiely, Nimrod et al. (2016) The O-glycosylated ectodomain of FXYD5 impairs adhesion by disrupting cell-cell trans-dimerization of Na,K-ATPase ?1 subunits. J Cell Sci 129:2394-406
Marcus, Elizabeth A; Sachs, George; Wen, Yi et al. (2016) Phosphorylation-dependent and Phosphorylation-independent Regulation of Helicobacter pylori Acid Acclimation by the ArsRS Two-component System. Helicobacter 21:69-81
Marcus, Elizabeth A; Tokhtaeva, Elmira; Turdikulova, Shahlo et al. (2016) Septin oligomerization regulates persistent expression of ErbB2/HER2 in gastric cancer cells. Biochem J 473:1703-18
Marcus, Elizabeth A; Sachs, George; Scott, David R (2016) Eradication of Helicobacter pylori Infection. Curr Gastroenterol Rep 18:33
Marcus, E A; Sachs, G; Scott, D R (2015) Colloidal bismuth subcitrate impedes proton entry into Helicobacter pylori and increases the efficacy of growth-dependent antibiotics. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 42:922-33
Yeh, Joanna; Ngo, Khiet D; Wozniak, Laura J et al. (2015) Endoscopy Following Pediatric Intestinal Transplant. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 61:636-40

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