There is no universally accepted method to enhance the beneficial effects of rehabilitative treatment after stroke, the number-one cause of long-term disability among adults. Noninvasive stimulation of the human motor cortex enhances the beneficial effects of motor training on use-dependent plasticity in healthy humans, consistent with emerging information in the basic science domain and could influence functional recovery after stroke. Here, I propose to use Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS), a mild, painless form of noninvasive cortical stimulation that is well tolerated, to test Hypothesis 1, that tOCS combined with standardized rehabilitative treatment (SRT) after stroke will elicit more prominent improvement in arm-hand motor function (primary endpoint measure: upper extremity component of the Fugl-Meyer test, uFM) than sham+SRT in a double blind, sham-controlled clinical trial. We predict that the tDCS-treated group will experience more prominent improvement in uFM than the sham- treated group. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (IMS) obtained before and after both interventions, will provide information on the neural substrates underlying the recovery process. We will test Hypothesis 2, that improved recovery in the tOCS-treated group will be associated with (a) increased fMRI activity in ipsilesional primary motor (M1) and dorsal premotor (PMd) cortices relative to the sham-treated group and (b) ipsilesional M1 and PMd contribute to functional improvement because a """"""""virtual lesion"""""""" using TMS applied to M1 and PMd will transiently delay reaction time in the paretic hand, documenting a cause- effect link between the two. This is a phase 2 study with potential impact on how stroke patients are treated that will allow Dr. Hodics to acquire expertise in studying mechanisms of human neuroplasticity using tDCS, TMS and fMRI (Drs. Cohen's and Xu's expertise) in the setting of a double blind clinical trial in Neurorehabilitation (Dr. Dromerick's expertise).

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD)
Type
Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award (K23)
Project #
5K23HD050267-04
Application #
7803693
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZHD1-MCHG-B (03))
Program Officer
Ansel, Beth
Project Start
2008-08-08
Project End
2012-04-30
Budget Start
2010-05-01
Budget End
2011-04-30
Support Year
4
Fiscal Year
2010
Total Cost
$162,324
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Texas Sw Medical Center Dallas
Department
Neurology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
800771545
City
Dallas
State
TX
Country
United States
Zip Code
75390
Khan, Bilal; Hodics, Timea; Hervey, Nathan et al. (2013) Functional near-infrared spectroscopy maps cortical plasticity underlying altered motor performance induced by transcranial direct current stimulation. J Biomed Opt 18:116003
Hodics, Timea M; Nakatsuka, Kyle; Upreti, Bhim et al. (2012) Wolf Motor Function Test for characterizing moderate to severe hemiparesis in stroke patients. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 93:1963-7
Hodics, T M (2012) Transcranial direct current stimulation in acute stroke patients. Eur J Neurol 19:e94; author reply e95