This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. The evidence that polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) can cause or exacerbate acute lung injury is compelling, but the precise relationship between neutrophlic inflammation and the tissue injury associated with either acute lung injury (ALI) or the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remains unclear. Further complicating an understanding of the role distress syndrome (ARDS) remains unclear. Further complicating an understanding of the role of the neutrophil in ALI/ARDS is the issue of how lung infection affects the pathogenesis and outcome of ALI/ARDS. A distinction has been made between so-called 'direct' lung injuries (pneumonia, gastric aspiration, etc.) and 'indirect' injuries (associated with sepsis syndrome), primarily because of differences in response to certain ventilator management strategies and in overall outcome. Whether such a distinction has any relevance to neutrophil function and the potential role neutrophils may play in mediating lung injury is not known.
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