The goal of this Program Project Grant is to advance cellular, biochemical and molecular understanding of phagocyte biology, microbicidal systems and clinically relevant disorders of antimicrobial function. The target cell is the human neutrophil and the major theme is the fundamental basis for oxygen-dependent systems in the inflammatory response and host defenses. Three projects, each directed by an established investigator, constitute an integrated approach to the scientific goals. Project 1 will determine the structure and function of cytosolic proteins that play essential roles in activation of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase system. The studies include characterization of the inherited deficiency state of two cytosolic proteins in two different autosomal forms of chronic granulomatous disease. In Project 2 electron spin resonance spectroscopy will be the key analytical tool for defining physical chemical and cellular factors that modulate the formation of hydroxyl radical by activated neutrophils. Project 3 deals with molecular aspects of the expression and intracellular processing of myeloperoxidase, an important enzymatic constituent of oxygen-dependent microbicidal function. The Xenopus oocyte expression system and sequence analysis of abnormal restriction enzyme fragments from patients with hereditary myeloperoxidase deficiency will be used to characterize normal and aberrant proenzyme processing. The interplay among the individual projects is extensive at both conceptual and technical levels. Specific receptor-ligand-cytoskeletal interactions lead to oxidase activation events (Project 1 which in turn result in the formation of activated species of oxygen that require in part the secretion of myeloperoxidase for the expression of microbicidal activity. The investigators' laboratories are in favorable proximity to facilitate programmatic approaches and core resource development. Two proposed scientific cores will provide cell preparation and culture support and analytical facilities whereas overall program management will be coordinated through the administrative core. Institutional environment and support are also very favorable including such core facilities as protein structure, molecular biology, ESR spectroscopy, hybridoma, electron microscopy, image analysis, and fluorescence- activated cell sorting. Thus, the Program Project Grant will take maximum advantage of the complementary scientific expertise of the investigators, the proposed core facilities and existing institutional features to attack important problems in neutrophil biology.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Type
Research Program Projects (P01)
Project #
5P01AI028412-02
Application #
3092004
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (SRC (60))
Project Start
1989-08-01
Project End
1994-07-31
Budget Start
1990-08-01
Budget End
1991-07-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
1990
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Iowa
Department
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
041294109
City
Iowa City
State
IA
Country
United States
Zip Code
52242
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McCormick, M L; Buettner, G R; Britigan, B E (1998) Endogenous superoxide dismutase levels regulate iron-dependent hydroxyl radical formation in Escherichia coli exposed to hydrogen peroxide. J Bacteriol 180:622-5
Miller, R A; Britigan, B E (1997) Role of oxidants in microbial pathophysiology. Clin Microbiol Rev 10:1-18
Olakanmi, O; Stokes, J B; Pathan, S et al. (1997) Polyvalent cationic metals induce the rate of transferrin-independent iron acquisition by HL-60 cells. J Biol Chem 272:2599-606
Andersen, K A; Britigan, B E; Wilson, M E (1996) Short report: regulation of inducible heat shock protein 70 genes in Leishmania chagasi. Am J Trop Med Hyg 54:471-4
Britigan, B E; Ratcliffe, H R; Buettner, G R et al. (1996) Binding of myeloperoxidase to bacteria: effect on hydroxyl radical formation and susceptibility to oxidant-mediated killing. Biochim Biophys Acta 1290:231-40
McCormick, M L; Metwali, A; Railsback, M A et al. (1996) Eosinophils from schistosome-induced hepatic granulomas produce superoxide and hydroxyl radical. J Immunol 157:5009-15
Nauseef, W M; Cogley, M; McCormick, S (1996) Effect of the R569W missense mutation on the biosynthesis of myeloperoxidase. J Biol Chem 271:9546-9
Miller, R A; Rasmussen, G T; Cox, C D et al. (1996) Protease cleavage of iron-transferrin augments pyocyanin-mediated endothelial cell injury via promotion of hydroxyl radical formation. Infect Immun 64:182-8
DeLeo, F R; Nauseef, W M; Jesaitis, A J et al. (1995) A domain of p47phox that interacts with human neutrophil flavocytochrome b558. J Biol Chem 270:26246-51

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