Circulatory disturbances and oxygen deprivation are a major cause of neurodevelopmental impairments in preterm infants. Cerebral intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is the most common of these circulatory disturbances and is particularly prevalent among very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) preterm infants. Longitudinal studies indicate that 25 to 50 percent of VLBW children have cognitive deficits and related disturbances when they reach school age and neonates with IVH makes up a disproportionate number of infants with severe neurodevelopmental handicaps. Hypoxia and ischemia are closely associated with the precipitation of an IVH event and may be long-lasting consequences of IVH. The experiments described in this project are designed to examine the effects of neonatal hypoxia and ischemia on the development of cortical connectivity in the rat and human cerebral cortex. These pathological events result in a number of changes in cortical neuron activity and excitability which may in turn perturb the normal maturation of cortical connectivity. The studies in this research project will use independent models of hypoxia and ischemia to determine the impact of these pathological conditions on: 1) the development of appropriate patterns of callosal connectivity in the rat cerebral cortex during the neonatal period; and 2) the proliferation and structure of synaptic contacts in identified areas of the rat cerebral cortex. In addition, we will obtain cortical tissue from VLBW preterm infants with IVH, VLBW preterm infants without a history of circulatory disturbances and term infants to assess the impact of IVH on cortical synaptogenesis. Understanding the effects of IVH and other circulatory disturbances on the normal basis of the long-term cognitive and intellectual impairments associated with very preterm birth.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
Type
Exploratory Grants (P20)
Project #
5P20NS032578-03
Application #
2348996
Study Section
Project Start
Project End
Budget Start
1994-10-01
Budget End
1995-09-30
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
1995
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Yale University
Department
Type
DUNS #
082359691
City
New Haven
State
CT
Country
United States
Zip Code
06520
Curristin, Sheila M; Cao, Anjun; Stewart, William B et al. (2002) Disrupted synaptic development in the hypoxic newborn brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99:15729-34
Lee, A; Morrow, J S; Fowler, V M (2001) Caspase remodeling of the spectrin membrane skeleton during lens development and aging. J Biol Chem 276:20735-42
Friedman, J E; Chow, E J; Haddad, G G (1998) State of actin filaments is changed by anoxia in cultured rat neocortical neurons. Neuroscience 82:421-7
Ment, L R; Schwartz, M; Makuch, R W et al. (1998) Association of chronic sublethal hypoxia with ventriculomegaly in the developing rat brain. Brain Res Dev Brain Res 111:197-203
Ma, E; Haddad, G G (1997) Expression and localization of Na+/H+ exchangers in rat central nervous system. Neuroscience 79:591-603
Xia, Y; Warshaw, J B; Haddad, G G (1997) Effect of chronic hypoxia on glucose transporters in heart and skeletal muscle of immature and adult rats. Am J Physiol 273:R1734-41
Ment, L R; Stewart, W B; Fronc, R et al. (1997) Vascular endothelial growth factor mediates reactive angiogenesis in the postnatal developing brain. Brain Res Dev Brain Res 100:52-61
Ment, L R; Stewart, W B; Scaramuzzino, D et al. (1997) An in vitro three-dimensional coculture model of cerebral microvascular angiogenesis and differentiation. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 33:684-91
Stabach, P R; Cianci, C D; Glantz, S B et al. (1997) Site-directed mutagenesis of alpha II spectrin at codon 1175 modulates its mu-calpain susceptibility. Biochemistry 36:57-65
Stewart, W B; Ment, L R; Schwartz, M (1997) Chronic postnatal hypoxia increases the numbers of cortical neurons. Brain Res 760:17-21

Showing the most recent 10 out of 23 publications