While many widely-used, empirically-supported alcohol treatments, including motivational interviewing, show promise in reducing alcohol use behaviors, MI has much more equivocal results down the developmental trajectory. Meaning, while MI is one of the few alcohol treatments that shows promise with youth, attention is needed to understand how to strengthen alcohol treatment outcomes for this age group. In line with NIAAA PAR-14-051, one route to improving treatment outcomes for youth is through using ...translational research [to] identify potential neurobiological...processes that....mediate the direct link between specific 'active ingredients' and alcohol use treatment outcomes. We are therefore proposing to use a cutting-edge translational approach to bridge the fields of basic biological and behavioral research. We will use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to evaluate how brain-based (BOLD) response mediates the link between salient within session active ingredients (therapist behaviors) and adolescents' alcohol use treatment outcomes (problem drinking). To achieve these aims, we will enroll 243 current adolescent binge drinkers (14-19 year olds, with > 4 past month binge drinking events) in this alcohol treatment (2 x 1-hour sessions of MI). Consistent with PAR-14-051, this study will catalyze movement in the field of adolescent alcohol treatment in several ways. First, it will establish how salient active ingredients within an empirically-supported alcohol treatment initiate neurocognitive changes. Second, it will determine how that neurocognitive response will directly relate to behavior change in youth once they leave the therapist's office. Third, this study will begin to pave the way for new translational studies in the field of adolescent addiction.
Alcohol is the most abused substance by adolescents. At this time, most American youth have consumed alcohol by age 19, with many engaging in binge drinking, one of the highest risk patterns of consumption. While existing interventions show promise, they do not work universally well for all youth. Thus, the goal of this study is to use an innovative translational design to explicitly link the fields of basic biology (developmental neuroscience) and youth behavior to creatively evaluate the mediational role of adolescent brain response (BOLD) on the connection between therapist behavior and youth behavior change (problem drinking).
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| Cousijn, Janna; Luijten, Maartje; Feldstein Ewing, Sarah W (2018) Adolescent resilience to addiction: a social plasticity hypothesis. Lancet Child Adolesc Health 2:69-78 |
| Rømer Thomsen, Kristine; Blom Osterland, Tine; Hesse, Morten et al. (2018) The intersection between response inhibition and substance use among adolescents. Addict Behav 78:228-230 |
| Feldstein Ewing, Sarah W; Lovejoy, Travis I; Choo, Esther K (2017) How Has Legal Recreational Cannabis Affected Adolescents in Your State? A Window of Opportunity. Am J Public Health 107:246-247 |
| Rømer Thomsen, Kristine; Callesen, Mette Buhl; Feldstein Ewing, Sarah W (2017) Recommendation to reconsider examining cannabis subtypes together due to opposing effects on brain, cognition and behavior. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 80:156-158 |
| Caouette, Justin D; Feldstein Ewing, Sarah W (2017) Four Mechanistic Models of Peer Influence on Adolescent Cannabis Use. Curr Addict Rep 4:90-99 |
| Feldstein Ewing, Sarah W; Chung, Tammy; Caouette, Justin D et al. (2017) Orbitofrontal cortex connectivity as a mechanism of adolescent behavior change. Neuroimage 151:14-23 |
| Feldstein Ewing, Sarah W; Apodaca, Timothy R; Gaume, Jacques (2016) Ambivalence: Prerequisite for success in motivational interviewing with adolescents? Addiction 111:1900-1907 |
| Feldstein Ewing, Sarah W; Tapert, Susan F; Molina, Brooke S G (2016) Uniting adolescent neuroimaging and treatment research: Recommendations in pursuit of improved integration. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 62:109-14 |
| Feldstein Ewing, Sarah W; Houck, Jon M; Yezhuvath, Uma et al. (2016) The impact of therapists' words on the adolescent brain: In the context of addiction treatment. Behav Brain Res 297:359-69 |
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