This ongoing project will examine the interaction of sleep, sleep states, and the placement of sleep in the 24-hour cycle, with age. We will further examine the impact of this interaction on cardio-respiratory functions. With the shift from one state of alertness to another, there is a shift in the balance of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), which modulates the activity of many internal organs. A dysfunction of either the ANS or a specific organ may increase physical decline and morbidity, and may possibly increase the risk of early mortality. The aging process appears to disrupt ANS modulation, and the resulting dysfunctions may be more apparent and more detrimental during sleep or during a specific sleep state, than during wakefulness. We shall pursue the two lines of investigation in aging subjects. A) We shall perform an evaluation, in elderly subjects who present ventricular ectopy. This investigation will involve the roles of sleep states, sleep stages, inactivity, the supine position, and the placement of sleep in the 24-hour cycle on the occurrence of the ectopies. B) Sleep and sleep states are known to modify breathing and upper airway patency. We shall investigate whether sleep and sleep increase cardiovascular risk in aging subjects through their impact on breathing and airway patency. Several protocols will be performed to determine what variable may pose the greatest risk and whether we should pay more attention to sleep states in investigating elderly subjects. The study will pinpoint morbidity risks, allowing us to progressively develop preventative strategies against cardiovascular events. Thus our sleep related evaluation will provide information that may contribute to methods of reducing personal, familial and social costs brought about by cardiovascular problems.
| Kushida, C A; Efron, B; Guilleminault, C (1997) A predictive morphometric model for the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Ann Intern Med 127:581-7 |
| Stoohs, R A; Gingold, J; Cohrs, S et al. (1996) Sleep-disordered breathing and systemic hypertension in the older male. J Am Geriatr Soc 44:1295-300 |
| Valencia-Flores, M; Bliwise, D L; Guilleminault, C et al. (1996) Cognitive function in patients with sleep apnea after acute nocturnal nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment: sleepiness and hypoxemia effects. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 18:197-210 |
| Stoohs, R A; Facchini, F; Guilleminault, C (1996) Insulin resistance and sleep-disordered breathing in healthy humans. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 154:170-4 |
| Philip, P; Guilleminault, C (1996) Adult psychophysiologic insomnia and positive history of childhood insomnia. Sleep 19:S16-22 |
| Stoohs, R A; Bingham, L A; Itoi, A et al. (1995) Sleep and sleep-disordered breathing in commercial long-haul truck drivers. Chest 107:1275-82 |
| Guilleminault, C; Clerk, A; Black, J et al. (1995) Nondrug treatment trials in psychophysiologic insomnia. Arch Intern Med 155:838-44 |
| Guilleminault, C; Partinen, M; Hollman, K et al. (1995) Familial aggregates in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Chest 107:1545-51 |
| Guilleminault, C; Stoohs, R; Kim, Y D et al. (1995) Upper airway sleep-disordered breathing in women. Ann Intern Med 122:493-501 |
| Clerk, A A; Dunan, S R; Guilleminault, C (1994) Load detection in subjects with sleep-induced upper airway obstruction. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 149:727-30 |
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