This project is a hybrid efficacy/effectiveness trial of a streamlined version of the Bridges program, an evidence-based intervention (EBI) to prevent substance abuse and mental health disorders. Bridges is an integrated parent-youth intervention evaluated in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) with Mexican Americans (immigrant and U.S. born) that showed long-term effects on multiple outcomes: substance use initiation and escalation, externalizing and internalizing symptoms, deviant peer association, and grade point average (GPA) in early adolescence; alcohol abuse disorder, binge drinking, marijuana use, risky sexual behavior, diagnosed mental disorder, and school dropout in late adolescence. Building on evidence of core intervention components and strategies for redesigning EBIs for the real-world, we will partner with low-income, multiethnic schools to adapt the program to a brief, 4-session format (Bridges short program, BSP), and optimize engagement, delivery, training, and implementation monitoring systems to facilitate dissemination and sustainability. The proposed RCT will also examine whether a parent-youth EBI can impact multiple channels of youth self- regulation (e.g., biological, behavioral, emotional) during adolescence when neurobiological systems are changing rapidly, and whether preexisting individual differences in self-regulation moderate program effects.
The specific aims of this RCT are to: 1) examine the effects of the BSP vs. a control group on targeted family and youth competencies at post-test, multiple systems of youth self-regulation at 6-month follow-up, and multiple youth outcomes at 1-year follow-up: substance use, externalizing and internalizing symptoms, deviant peer association, risky sexual behaviors, and GPA; 2) examine whether effects are mediated by program- induced improvements on targeted parent and youth competencies and by changes on multiple indicators of youth self-regulation; 3) examine program language (English vs. Spanish), baseline youth risk (including biological risk), and baseline family risk as moderators of BSP effects on youth outcomes and mediators; 4) examine whether variability in implementation accounts for variability in mediators and outcomes; and 5) conduct a cost analysis of the BSP vs. the original Bridges program, as well as estimate the cost-effectiveness of the BSP vs. the control group on delayed SU initiation and quantity and frequency of SU at 1-year follow-up. In the proposed trial, 500 7th grade students and their parents will be randomized to receive the BSP or the control group within each school. The trial will include 4 assessment points: pretest (W1) and immediate posttest in 7th grade (W2), 6-month (W3) and one-year follow-up in 8th grade (W4). Assessment of multiple dimensions of self-regulation will address innovative questions for prevention. The resulting intervention package and findings from the randomized trial will lay the foundation for dissemination of the BSP.
The proposed project will help bridge the gap between science and practice by adapting an evidence-based preventive intervention into a feasible and sustainable service for schools. Results of this randomized controlled trial will have important public health implications to prevent substance abuse and mental health disorders and reduce disparities for youth in low-income communities.
| Gonzales, Nancy A (2017) Expanding the Cultural Adaptation Framework for Population-Level Impact. Prev Sci 18:689-693 |
