Abstract

This research is designed to investigate nutritionally-induced alterations in hormones and their impact on the-nutritional requirements of humans. It is specifically designed to investigate the effects of energy_balance and imbalance and diet composition on thyroid hormone and catecholamine metabolism, and how thermogenesis (energy expenditure) is regulated. A new hypothesis is proposed to explain how thyroid hormone metabolism and sympathetic nervous system activity are regulated by energy balance and caloric flux. Nutritionally-induced alterations in hormones and sympathetic nervous system activity will be correlated with changes in thermogenesis to assess their role(s) in the adaptation of the thermogenic response to altered nutritional states and whether obesity results from a defect(s) in these adaptive responses. In vivo and in vitro estimates of muscle Na+, K+-ATPase activity will be correlated with nutritionally-induced alterations in thermogenesis, plasma thyroid hormone and norepinephrine metabolism.

  Funding Agency

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01DK018535-10
Application #
3226082
Study Section
Endocrinology Study Section (END)
Project Start
1978-05-01
Project End
1993-08-31
Budget Start
1990-09-01
Budget End
1991-08-31
Support Year
10
Fiscal Year
1990
Total Cost
Indirect Cost

  Institution

Name
University of Vermont & St Agric College
Department
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
066811191
City
Burlington
State
VT
Country
United States
Zip Code
05405

  Publications

Calles-Escandon, J; Goran, M I; O'Connell, M et al. (1996) Exercise increases fat oxidation at rest unrelated to changes in energy balance or lipolysis. Am J Physiol 270:E1009-14
Goran, M I; Calles-Escandon, J; Poehlman, E T et al. (1994) Effects of increased energy intake and/or physical activity on energy expenditure in young healthy men. J Appl Physiol 77:366-72
Himms-Hagen, J; Cui, J; Danforth Jr, E et al. (1994) Effect of CL-316,243, a thermogenic beta 3-agonist, on energy balance and brown and white adipose tissues in rats. Am J Physiol 266:R1371-82
Goran, M I; Poehlman, E T; Danforth Jr, E et al. (1993) Comparison of body composition methods in obese individuals. Basic Life Sci 60:85-6
Goran, M I; Poehlman, E T; Nair, K S et al. (1993) Deuterium exchange in humans: effect of gender, body composition and age. Basic Life Sci 60:79-81
Goran, M I; Poehlman, E T; Nair, K S et al. (1992) Effect of gender, body composition, and equilibration time on the 2H-to-18O dilution space ratio. Am J Physiol 263:E1119-24
Poehlman, E T; Danforth Jr, E (1991) Endurance training increases metabolic rate and norepinephrine appearance rate in older individuals. Am J Physiol 261:E233-9
Poehlman, E T; Copeland, K C (1990) Influence of physical activity on insulin-like growth factor-I in healthy younger and older men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 71:1468-73
Poehlman, E T; McAuliffe, T L; Van Houten, D R et al. (1990) Influence of age and endurance training on metabolic rate and hormones in healthy men. Am J Physiol 259:E66-72
Poehlman, E T; McAuliffe, T; Danforth Jr, E (1990) Effects of age and level of physical activity on plasma norepinephrine kinetics. Am J Physiol 258:E256-62

Showing the most recent 10 out of 11 publications