1) Elevated whole body protein synthesis rates (PSR) are found in patients with tumors and in patients with hepatic dysfunction when 15N glycine is used as the tracer. Are the elevated PSR""""""""s in cancer patients due to the addition of protein synthesis by the tumor to the protein synthesis by the rest of the body? Or are they secondary from the patient also having liver insufficiency. We plan to answer these questions by comparing the whole body PSR against the more reliable tissue fractional synthesis rates (FSR) in patients with tumors of the gastro-intestinal tract using 15N glycine and 13C leucine as tracers. 2) Is there any advantage in adding medium chain length fatty acids (MCFA's) to the TPN mixture given to patients who are septic and TPN intolerant? The hypothesis to be tested is that in severely septic patients long chain fatty acids (LCFA's) cannot be utilized optimally because of a metabolic block. MCFA's are metabolised somewhat differently and therefore may be able to bypass the postulated blockage. We plan to answer this question by comparing the effects of MCFA's on protein metabolism using first, septic rats and then septic patients. MCFA's will be considered beneficial if there is: (i), an increase in protein synthesis; (ii), a decrease in muscle protein breakdown; (iii), a decrease in the metabolic burden on the liver and (iv), normalization of the plasma amino acid pattern.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01DK035612-05
Application #
3233906
Study Section
Surgery, Anesthesiology and Trauma Study Section (SAT)
Project Start
1984-07-01
Project End
1988-12-31
Budget Start
1988-01-01
Budget End
1988-12-31
Support Year
5
Fiscal Year
1988
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Medicine & Dentistry of NJ
Department
Type
Schools of Osteopathy
DUNS #
City
Stratford
State
NJ
Country
United States
Zip Code
08084
Assimon, S A; Stein, T P (1994) Digestible fiber (gum arabic), nitrogen excretion and urea recycling in rats. Nutrition 10:544-50
Stein, T P; Yoshida, S; Schluter, M D et al. (1994) Comparison of intravenous nutrients on gut mucosal proteins synthesis. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 18:447-52
Chatzidakis, C; Lazarus, D D; Stein, T P (1994) Substrate cycling in lean and obese Zucker rats. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 18:287-93
Drews, D; Schluter, M D; Stein, T P (1993) Glycerol kinetics with parenteral lipid emulsions (long-chain triglycerides, medium-chain triglycerides, and structured lipids) in rats. Metabolism 42:743-8
Drews, D; Stein, T P (1992) Effect of bolus fluid intake on energy expenditure values as determined by the doubly labeled water method. J Appl Physiol 72:82-6
Yoshida, S; Leskiw, M J; Schluter, M D et al. (1992) Effect of total parenteral nutrition, systemic sepsis, and glutamine on gut mucosa in rats. Am J Physiol 263:E368-73
Rock, C S; Coyle, S M; Keogh, C V et al. (1992) Influence of hypercortisolemia on the acute-phase protein response to endotoxin in humans. Surgery 112:467-74
Drews, D; Stein, T P (1992) Effect of excess xylitol on nitrogen and glucose metabolism in parenterally fed rats. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 16:521-4
Leon, P; Redmond, H P; Stein, T P et al. (1991) Harry M. Vars Research Award. Arginine supplementation improves histone and acute-phase protein synthesis during gram-negative sepsis in the rat. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 15:503-8
Stein, T P; Rumpler, W V; Leskiw, M J et al. (1991) Effect of reduced dietary intake on energy expenditure, protein turnover, and glucose cycling in man. Metabolism 40:478-83

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