Type II or non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is estimated to affect 5% of the world's population. Considering the additional 10-11% of the adult population with impaired glucose tolerance (which imposes a greater than 6-fold increased risk of developing NIDDM), 8-10% of adults either have, or will develop, NIDDM. Approximately 20% of the members of the US population over 65 years of age are diabetic. The medical consequences of this disorder are staggering. The complication rates in NIDDM patients are equivalent (per year of disease) to the much smaller number of individuals with type I, insulin-dependent diabetes. Diabetes is the leading cause of blindness, end stage renal disease and amputations in the US, and contributes significantly to the high prevalence of dyslipidemias and hypertension. The enormous physical and psychological burdens imposed by this disease are only partly reflected in the estimated $25 billion dollars spent annually on its treatment in the US alone. There is a strong genetic predisposition to NIDDM, the expression of which is facilitated by the presence of obesity. Over 60% of individuals with NIDDM are obese. The mechanisms by which obesity predisposes to NIDDM is not known, but it is likely that obesity stresses the pancreatic beta cells by diminishing the action of insulin on glucose metabolism. The goal of this proposal is to identify the genes which, in the presence of obesity, predispose to the development of NIDDM. The complexity of the genetics of NIDDM in humans favors the initial use of simpler animals models to identify candidate genes for NIDDM- susceptibility and resistance. Using well characterized mouse and rat genetic models of obesity-diabetes, such genes will be identified. These genes will be then be examined by genetic linkage techniques in human families in which NIDDM is present. Ultimately, knowledge of the structure/action of such genes can be used to prevent or treat NIDDM.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01DK047473-02
Application #
2147103
Study Section
Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases B Subcommittee (DDK)
Project Start
1993-09-30
Project End
1998-08-31
Budget Start
1994-09-01
Budget End
1995-08-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
1994
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Rockefeller University
Department
Other Basic Sciences
Type
Other Domestic Higher Education
DUNS #
071037113
City
New York
State
NY
Country
United States
Zip Code
10065
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Schreyer, S A; Chua Jr, S C; LeBoeuf, R C (1998) Obesity and diabetes in TNF-alpha receptor- deficient mice. J Clin Invest 102:402-11
Liu, S M; Leibel, R L; Chua Jr, S C (1998) Partial duplication in the leprdb-Pas mutation is a result of unequal crossing over. Mamm Genome 9:780-1
Chua Jr, S C; Koutras, I K; Han, L et al. (1997) Fine structure of the murine leptin receptor gene: splice site suppression is required to form two alternatively spliced transcripts. Genomics 45:264-70
Leibel, R L; Chung, W K; Chua Jr, S C (1997) The molecular genetics of rodent single gene obesities. J Biol Chem 272:31937-40
Kahle, E B; Butz, K G; Chua, S C et al. (1997) The rat corpulent (cp) mutation maps to the same interval on (Pgm1-Glut1) rat chromosome 5 as the fatty (fa) mutation. Obes Res 5:142-5
Chung, W K; Zheng, M; Chua, M et al. (1997) Genetic modifiers of Leprfa associated with variability in insulin production and susceptibility to NIDDM. Genomics 41:332-44
White, D W; Wang, D W; Chua Jr, S C et al. (1997) Constitutive and impaired signaling of leptin receptors containing the Gln --> Pro extracellular domain fatty mutation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 94:10657-62
Chung, W K; Power-Kehoe, L; Chua, M et al. (1997) Exonic and intronic sequence variation in the human leptin receptor gene (LEPR). Diabetes 46:1509-11
Wu-Peng, X S; Chua Jr, S C; Okada, N et al. (1997) Phenotype of the obese Koletsky (f) rat due to Tyr763Stop mutation in the extracellular domain of the leptin receptor (Lepr): evidence for deficient plasma-to-CSF transport of leptin in both the Zucker and Koletsky obese rat. Diabetes 46:513-8

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