Pre-eclampsia (PE) is associated with an increased risk for diabetes mellitus (DM) for both mother and child. Similarly, the risk for DM and metabolic syndrome (MS) is increased for the offspring of women with DM during pregnancy. This is especially problematic among American Indian and Hispanic women who are at much higher risk for T2DM and PE and surely contributes to the growing problem of T2DM in Hispanic and American Indian youth. The overarching hypothesis is that the effects of maternal DM and PE combine to compound the risk of DM/MS in offspring by changing gene expression via epigenetic mechanisms and altering circulating factors. This effectively """"""""programs"""""""" the offspring for later DM/MS. To test this, selected offspring of pregnant women with DM and at high risk for PE will be studied from birth to age 4 years.
The first aim examines the effect of maternal T2DM alone and complicated by PE on growth, body composition, and metabolic indices. Standard anthropometric measures are obtained along with assessment of body composition by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and magnetic resonance imaging. Serum glucose, insulin and lipid concentrations are determined along with measures of metabolic rate.
The second aim tests the hypothesis that an infant born to DM mother ( PE) is exposed to repertoire of cytokines/inflammatory factors before birth that leads to unfavorable metabolic indices and body composition.
The third aim maps epigenetic modifications in order to identify relevant target genes. The HELP assay is employed to identify variation in cytosine methylation at specific genetic loci in placental and leukocyte DNA. Defining the mechanisms, risk factors, and surrogate markers of future DM can lead new ways to prevent DM in high risk populations.

Public Health Relevance

Obesity is increasing at an alarming rate in children and threatening their future health, especially among American Indians and Hispanics. This project examines the maternal factors that predispose to obesity and diabetes and how they affect preschool-aged children. This information will be useful in designing specific interventions and assessing their efficacy.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01DK089034-02
Application #
8120753
Study Section
Clinical and Integrative Diabetes and Obesity Study Section (CIDO)
Program Officer
Silva, Corinne M
Project Start
2010-08-04
Project End
2015-05-31
Budget Start
2011-06-01
Budget End
2012-05-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2011
Total Cost
$275,170
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center
Department
Pediatrics
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
878648294
City
Oklahoma City
State
OK
Country
United States
Zip Code
73117
Alexander, Jacqueline; Teague, April M; Chen, Jing et al. (2018) Offspring sex impacts DNA methylation and gene expression in placentae from women with diabetes during pregnancy. PLoS One 13:e0190698
Jiang, Shaoning; Teague, April M; Tryggestad, Jeanie B et al. (2017) Effects of maternal diabetes and fetal sex on human placenta mitochondrial biogenesis. Placenta 57:26-32
Jiang, Shaoning; Teague, April M; Tryggestad, Jeanie B et al. (2017) Role of microRNA-130b in placental PGC-1?/TFAM mitochondrial biogenesis pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 487:607-612
Tryggestad, Jeanie B; Vishwanath, Anu; Jiang, Shaoning et al. (2016) Influence of gestational diabetes mellitus on human umbilical vein endothelial cell miRNA. Clin Sci (Lond) 130:1955-67
Short, Kevin R; Teague, April M; Fields, David A et al. (2015) Lower resting energy expenditure and fat oxidation in Native American and Hispanic infants born to mothers with diabetes. J Pediatr 166:884-9
Teague, April M; Fields, David A; Aston, Christopher E et al. (2015) Cord blood adipokines, neonatal anthropometrics and postnatal growth in offspring of Hispanic and Native American women with diabetes mellitus. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 13:68
Fields, D A; Teague, A M; Short, K R et al. (2015) Evaluation of DXA vs. MRI for body composition measures in 1-month olds. Pediatr Obes 10:e8-10
Chernausek, Steven D (2012) Update: consequences of abnormal fetal growth. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 97:689-95