We seek to discover new, medically relevant mechanisms governing red blood cell formation (erythropoiesis). Recently identified small non-coding RNAs, termed microRNAs (miRs), profoundly influence normal development and stress responses in virtually all tissues. MiRs suppress protein synthesis by inhibiting the translation and stability of specific target mRNAs that are recognized via Watson-Crick base pairing. This proposal investigates the role of miRs 144 and 451, which are encoded on a single gene locus that is strongly induced during erythropoiesis. In zebrafish and mice, loss of miR-451 impairs erythropoiesis, sensitizes mature erythrocytes to destruction by oxidant stress and induces erythroid precursor apoptosis after acute anemia. Preliminary data indicate that miR-144/451 regulates iron uptake, survival, maturation, and mitochondrial energy metabolism during erythropoiesis through confirmed target mRNAs including Rab14, Myc, Ywhaz, and Cab39. We will investigate further the mechanisms through which miRs 144 and 451 control erythropoiesis at baseline, and during disease-related stresses including blood loss, iron deficiency, and unbalanced hemoglobin production (thalassemia). Our work should provide new insights into erythroid development and associated disorders including myeloproliferative syndromes and various anemias. Moreover, knowledge gained through our studies of erythropoiesis should be applicable to other biological processes where miR-451 is believed to function, including protection against myocardial stress, regulation of immune responses and as a tumor suppressor in numerous malignancies.
This project examines how a newly discovered class of genetic material, termed microRNAs, regulates multiple aspects of red blood cell development. Insights into these processes should improve our understanding of diseases associated with over or under production of red blood cells and perhaps lead to new treatment strategies.
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| Paralkar, Vikram R; Taborda, Cristian C; Huang, Peng et al. (2016) Unlinking an lncRNA from Its Associated cis Element. Mol Cell 62:104-10 |
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| Ranjan, R; Lee, Y G; Karpurapu, M et al. (2015) p47phox and reactive oxygen species production modulate expression of microRNA-451 in macrophages. Free Radic Res 49:25-34 |
| Paralkar, Vikram R; Mishra, Tejaswini; Luan, Jing et al. (2014) Lineage and species-specific long noncoding RNAs during erythro-megakaryocytic development. Blood 123:1927-37 |
| Crispino, John D; Weiss, Mitchell J (2014) Erythro-megakaryocytic transcription factors associated with hereditary anemia. Blood 123:3080-8 |
| Paralkar, Vikram R; Weiss, Mitchell J (2013) Long noncoding RNAs in biology and hematopoiesis. Blood 121:4842-6 |
| Wang, Xiaohong; Zhu, Hongyan; Zhang, Xiaowei et al. (2012) Loss of the miR-144/451 cluster impairs ischaemic preconditioning-mediated cardioprotection by targeting Rac-1. Cardiovasc Res 94:379-90 |
| Rosenberger, Carrie M; Podyminogin, Rebecca L; Navarro, Garnet et al. (2012) miR-451 regulates dendritic cell cytokine responses to influenza infection. J Immunol 189:5965-75 |
