Circulating tumor cells (CTCs), considered to be the seeds of metastasis, are rare cells that detach themselves from primary tumors and travel in the blood as residual disease, potentially colonizing as metastases in distant organs. Therefore, detection of CTCs may serve as a tool for early detection of residual disease, relapse, and metastasis. Although available CTC assays detect epithelial markers such as EpCAM and cytokeratins, they are ineffective in detecting CTCs from non-epithelial tumors such as melanoma, neuroblastoma, and sarcomas. Innovative tools for universal CTC detection are needed. The PI has discovered that cell surface vimentin (CSV) is expressed on the surface of CTCs but not normal cells in peripheral blood of patients with different types of tumors. This CSV is detectable by using an antibody (84-1) developed by the PI. Significantly, this CSV is primarily found on freshly isolated metastatic tumor cells. The goal of this application is to develop a universal CTC detection chip (U-CTChip) and to perform automated CTC capture using this U-CTChip. Current CTC research is largely focused on the association of CTCs with survival, but we believe that CTCs have other clinical applications, such as early detection of tumor relapse and monitoring the efficacy of maintenance therapy. In our preliminary studies of our CSV-CTC capture tool, we observed that change in CTC numbers over time (from checkup to checkup) was associated with tumor relapse and response to maintenance therapy in neuroblastoma. The second goal of the proposed project is to investigate these two novel clinical applications using U-CTChip.

Public Health Relevance

Detection of CTCs may serve as a tool for early prediction or detection of metastasis. In this application, we will reveal and validate a new tool for early detecting tumor relapse post remission. Therefore, this study is highly relevant to cancer research.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
1R01EB026291-01A1
Application #
9519483
Study Section
Bioengineering, Technology and Surgical Sciences Study Section (BTSS)
Program Officer
Selimovic, Seila
Project Start
2018-05-01
Project End
2022-02-28
Budget Start
2018-05-01
Budget End
2019-02-28
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2018
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
Department
Pediatrics
Type
Hospitals
DUNS #
800772139
City
Houston
State
TX
Country
United States
Zip Code
77030
Noh, Hyangsoon; Zhao, Qingnan; Yan, Jun et al. (2018) Cell surface vimentin-targeted monoclonal antibody 86C increases sensitivity to temozolomide in glioma stem cells. Cancer Lett 433:176-185