The long-term objectives of this project are (1) to improve understanding of normal human vision by exploring the simplications found in the eyes of people with unusual (even """"""""abnormal"""""""") vision, (2) to develop and validate fresh new ways of achieving this noninvasively by studies on normal people, and finally (coincidently) (3) to deepen understanding of the physical, physiological and psychological factors at the roots of these abnormalities. We will study the variability of color vision defects among patients who inherit unrelated neurological and related ophthalmological disorders recessively on the X- chromosome and relate these differences to differences in color vision genes through which the cone visual pigments are inherited. We will compare the night vision of the two eyes of people who have lost a lens from one eye as a consequence of an accident in both oriental and occidental populations to see how the color vision of normal vision is distorted by light of different parts of the visible spectrum being differently absorbed in the lens.
Other specific aims i nclude the study of how the visual pigments in patients with night blinding diseases behave compared to those in the eyes of normal people and the nature of one variety of red/green color defective found in 1% of otherwise normal males.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Eye Institute (NEI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01EY000197-34
Application #
3255180
Study Section
Visual Sciences B Study Section (VISB)
Project Start
1978-09-01
Project End
1993-08-31
Budget Start
1991-09-01
Budget End
1992-08-31
Support Year
34
Fiscal Year
1991
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Michigan Ann Arbor
Department
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
791277940
City
Ann Arbor
State
MI
Country
United States
Zip Code
48109
Sieving, P A; Richards, J E; Naarendorp, F et al. (1995) Dark-light: model for nightblindness from the human rhodopsin Gly-90-->Asp mutation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 92:880-4
Perlman, I; Itzhaki, A; Malik, S et al. (1994) The action spectra of cone photoreceptors in the turtle (Mauremys caspica) retina. Vis Neurosci 11:243-52
Alpern, M; Sack Jr, G H; Krantz, D H et al. (1993) Chromosomal rearrangement segregating with adrenoleukodystrophy: associated changes in color vision. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 90:9494-8
Sack Jr, G H; Alpern, M; Webster, T et al. (1993) Chromosomal rearrangement segregating with adrenoleukodystrophy: a molecular analysis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 90:9489-93
Alpern, M; Zhang, H Z; Noji, J (1990) Do deviations from radiance-invariance of metameric matches contradict the three pigment theory of foveal trichromacy? Vision Res 30:1539-53
Alpern, M; Noji, J (1990) The change in the neutral point of dichromats with change in the angle of incidence of monochromatic light on the retina. Optom Vis Sci 67:578-82
Alpern, M (1989) The Charles Prentice award lecture 1988: the directionality of color matches and its relation to secondary protanomalous trichromacy. Optom Vis Sci 66:339-54
Alpern, M; Kitahara, H; Fielder, G H (1987) The change in color matches with retinal angle of incidence of the colorimeter beams. Vision Res 27:1763-78
Alpern, M; Fulton, A B; Baker, B N (1987) ""Self-screening"" of rhodopsin in rod outer segments. Vision Res 27:1459-70
Alpern, M (1987) A note on the action spectrum of human rod vision. Vision Res 27:1471-80

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