Ocular HSV-1 infection, in conjunction with incompletely defined immune interactions, is a major cause of corneal scarring and blindness. Infection with HSV-1 does not induce a protective immune response against future primary infection at another site (or against recurrences at the same site). Thus, an effective vaccine against ocular HSV-1 infection may have to induce higher or different immune responses than those induced by natural infection. 5 of the 7 HSV-1 glycoproteins we have expressed in baculovirus protected against lethal challenge in an i.p. mouse model. gE, the only glycoprotein so far tested also protected against ocular HSV-1 infection. We hypothesize that one or more of our expressed HSV-1 glycoproteins will prove to be an effective vaccine against ocular HSV-1 infection and latency. Other than our work, no one has expressed more than 2 HSV-1 glycoproteins and only gB and gD have been tested against ocular HSV-1 infection.
Our specific aims to meet our broad, long term objectives to determine which glycoproteins will make the best vaccines and the specific immune response(s) that correlate with these vaccines' effectiveness and potential immunopathology include: 1. Screen our expressed HSV-1 glycoproteins as vaccines to protect against primary ocular HSV-1 challenge. Mice vaccinated with individual HSV-1 glycoproteins will be challenged ocularly with HSV-1. Screening of vaccine effectiveness (and ocular safety) will be based on a combination of decreased (1) death, (2) ocular disease, (3) virus replication in the anterior segment, (4) spread of virus to and replication in the posterior segment, the trigeminal ganglia, and the brain, and (5) decreased establishment of ganglionic latency. 2. Purification and screening of two selected expressed glycoproteins. Two selected expressed glycoproteins will be purified, using methods that avoid denaturation. Correlations will be made between ocular protection/immunopathology and humoral and cell mediated immune responses. 3. Determine the local immune response in the eye following vaccination and ocular challenge. Corneas from immunized and mock vaccinated mice will be examined by immunohistocytochemistry before and after ocular challenge with HSV-1 and quantitated for T-cell infiltrates, macrophages, and various cytokines. Passive antibody transfer and T-cell depletion studies will be done to confirm that correlations between the local immune response and ocular protection and/or immunopathology are mechanistic.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Eye Institute (NEI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01EY009224-02
Application #
2162855
Study Section
Visual Sciences A Study Section (VISA)
Project Start
1993-05-01
Project End
1996-04-30
Budget Start
1994-05-01
Budget End
1995-04-30
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
1994
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
Department
Type
DUNS #
075307785
City
Los Angeles
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
90048
Ghiasi, Homayon; Osorio, Yanira; Perng, Guey-Chuen et al. (2002) Overexpression of interleukin-2 by a recombinant herpes simplex virus type 1 attenuates pathogenicity and enhances antiviral immunity. J Virol 76:9069-78
Ghiasi, Homayon; Osorio, Yanira; Hedvat, Yahya et al. (2002) Infection of BALB/c mice with a herpes simplex virus type 1 recombinant virus expressing IFN-gamma driven by the LAT promoter. Virology 302:144-54
Ghiasi, H; Cai, S; Perng, G C et al. (2000) The role of natural killer cells in protection of mice against death and corneal scarring following ocular HSV-1 infection. Antiviral Res 45:33-45
Ghiasi, H; Perng, G C; Nesburn, A B et al. (2000) Antibody-dependent enhancement of HSV-1 infection by anti-gK sera. Virus Res 68:137-44
Ghiasi, H; Hofman, F M; Wallner, K et al. (2000) Corneal macrophage infiltrates following ocular herpes simplex virus type 1 challenge vary in BALB/c mice vaccinated with different vaccines. Vaccine 19:1266-73
Ghiasi, H; Cai, S; Perng, G C et al. (2000) Both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells are involved in protection against HSV-1 induced corneal scarring. Br J Ophthalmol 84:408-12
Ghiasi, H; Perng, G C; Hofman, F M et al. (1999) Specific and nonspecific immune stimulation of MHC-II-deficient mice results in chronic HSV-1 infection of the trigeminal ganglia following ocular challenge. Virology 258:208-16
Ghiasi, H; Cai, S; Perng, G et al. (1999) Perforin pathway is essential for protection of mice against lethal ocular HSV-1 challenge but not corneal scarring. Virus Res 65:97-101
Ghiasi, H; Hofman, F M; Cai, S et al. (1999) Vaccination with different HSV-1 glycoproteins induces different patterns of ocular cytokine responses following HSV-1 challenge of vaccinated mice. Vaccine 17:2576-82
Ghiasi, H; Cai, S; Slanina, S M et al. (1999) The role of interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-4 in herpes simplex virus type 1 ocular replication and eye disease. J Infect Dis 179:1086-93

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