: The proposed work examines intrinsic features of HIV-1 genetic recombination and how these are affected by alterations in genome sequence and organization. HIV-1 genetic recombination occurs frequently and contributes both to disease progression in individual patients and to the continuing evolution of AIDS virus pandemic strains. Many fundamental questions about HIV-l genetic recombination remain to be resolved and are addressed in the work proposed here. These questions include how varying extents of sequence homology affect recombination frequencies, whether or not possession of identical leader regions is important to genetic recombination, and to what extent sequences such as host RNAs that lack known H1V-l packaging signals can participate in genetic recombination. In the proposed experiments, a series of modified HIV-1 genomes is used to test how variation like that naturally observed among HTV strains affects the frequency and the nature of recombinogenic template switching during single cycles of HIV replication in cultured human cells.
The specific aims are 1) to establish assays for HIV template switching between two segments of a single RNA and for forced recombination between two RNAs 2) to test the effects of varying extents of sequence homology on template switching rates, and 3) to explore the relationship between specific determinants in the RNAs' 5' ends and genetic recombination frequencies. The work will provide fundamental knowledge about copy choice recombination which will contribute to understanding the genetic potential of populations of several kinds of RNA viruses, and will provide information useful in assessing the safety of lentiviral vectors and potential attenuated HIV vaccine strains.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
3R01GM063479-03S1
Application #
6879790
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1)
Program Officer
Anderson, Richard A
Project Start
2001-04-01
Project End
2004-06-30
Budget Start
2003-04-01
Budget End
2004-06-30
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2004
Total Cost
$45,900
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Michigan Ann Arbor
Department
Microbiology/Immun/Virology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
073133571
City
Ann Arbor
State
MI
Country
United States
Zip Code
48109
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Johnson, Silas F; Telesnitsky, Alice (2010) Retroviral RNA dimerization and packaging: the what, how, when, where, and why. PLoS Pathog 6:e1001007
Onafuwa-Nuga, Adewunmi; Telesnitsky, Alice (2009) The remarkable frequency of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genetic recombination. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 73:451-80, Table of Contents
King, Steven R; Duggal, Nisha K; Ndongmo, Clement B et al. (2008) Pseudodiploid genome organization AIDS full-length human immunodeficiency virus type 1 DNA synthesis. J Virol 82:2376-84
Duggal, Nisha K; Goo, Leslie; King, Steven R et al. (2007) Effects of identity minimization on Moloney murine leukemia virus template recognition and frequent tertiary template-directed insertions during nonhomologous recombination. J Virol 81:12156-68
Takebe, Yutaka; Telesnitsky, Alice (2006) Evidence for the acquisition of multi-drug resistance in an HIV-1 clinical isolate via human sequence transduction. Virology 351:1-6
Onafuwa-Nuga, Adewunmi A; Telesnitsky, Alice; King, Steven R (2006) 7SL RNA, but not the 54-kd signal recognition particle protein, is an abundant component of both infectious HIV-1 and minimal virus-like particles. RNA 12:542-6
An, Wenfeng; Telesnitsky, Alice (2004) Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transductive recombination can occur frequently and in proportion to polyadenylation signal readthrough. J Virol 78:3419-28