The mechanisms which regulate gene expression are of major interest to geneticists as well as molecular, cellular and developmental biologists. It is well known that epithelial-mesenchymal interactions play a major role in the morphogenesis and biochemical differentiation of virtually all vertebrate organs; yet we know little about the relationships between gene expression and these ubiquitous tissue interactions. In the development of the skin, epidermal-dermal interactions are responsible for the formation and positioning of the numerous appendages which characterize the skin (i.e., hairs, feathers, scales, etc.) and the actual morphogenesis and biochemical differentiation (keratin synthesis) of each appendage.
Our aims i n this proposal are 1) to determine if the dermal components of different skin appendages can specifically direct keratin synthesis in an epidermis, 2) to determine if the three-dimensional shape of the dermis is related to its inductive ability, 3) to compare the biochemical and physical aspects of the proteoglycans present in normal dermis with those present in genetically defective dermises, 4) to analyze the cell surface carbohydrates in normal and mutant tissues, 5) to further characterize keratin profiles using our antisera to alpha and beta keratins and immunoreplica overlay techniques and finally 6) to analyze the tissue interactions in a genetic mutant known as avian """"""""ichthyosis."""""""" To accomplish our specific aims we will 1) employ two genetic mutants, 2) use tissue recombination and culture techniques, 3) use electrophoresis to determine keratin profiles, 4) use immunohistochemical and immunoreplica techniques and use standard biochemical procedures to analyze proteoglycans and cell surface carbohydrates. Knowledge of the mechanisms by which morphogenesis and biochemical differentiation are controlled is of particular significance to our understanding and eventual control of numerous skin disorders, including cancers, hyperkeratinizing conditions and genetic disorders.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01HD018129-03
Application #
3315114
Study Section
Human Embryology and Development Subcommittee 2 (HED)
Project Start
1983-07-01
Project End
1986-06-30
Budget Start
1985-07-01
Budget End
1986-06-30
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
1985
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of South Carolina at Columbia
Department
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
111310249
City
Columbia
State
SC
Country
United States
Zip Code
29208
Shames, R B; Bade, B C; Sawyer, R H (1994) Role of epidermal-dermal tissue interactions in regulating tenascin expression during development of the chick scutate scale. J Exp Zool 269:349-66
Knapp, L W; Shames, R B; Barnes, G L et al. (1993) Region-specific patterns of beta keratin expression during avian skin development. Dev Dyn 196:283-90
Zeltinger, J; Sawyer, R H (1992) Avian scale development. XVII: The epidermis of the scaleless (sc/sc) anterior metatarsal skin is determined, but the dermis lacks permissive cues for the patterned expression of the determined state. Dev Dyn 193:58-69
Zeltinger, J; Sawyer, R H (1992) Avian scale development. XVI. Epidermal commitment to terminal differentiation is prior to definitive scale ridge formation. Dev Biol 149:55-65
Shames, R B; Jennings, A G; Sawyer, R H (1991) Expression of the cell adhesion molecules, L-CAM and N-CAM during avian scale development. J Exp Zool 257:195-207
Zeltinger, J; Sawyer, R H (1991) Avian scale development. XIII. Epidermal germinative cells are committed to appendage-specific differentiation and respond to patterned cues in the dermis. Dev Biol 144:335-52
Shames, R B; Jennings, A G; Sawyer, R H (1991) The initial expression and patterned appearance of tenascin in scutate scales is absent from the dermis of the scaleless (sc/sc) chicken. Dev Biol 147:174-86
Knapp, L W; Linser, P J; Carver, W E et al. (1991) Biochemical identification and immunological localization of two non-keratin polypeptides associated with the terminal differentiation of avian scale epidermis. Cell Tissue Res 265:535-45
Knapp, L W; Dawson, W D (1991) Morphological analysis of hair in the hr-2 mutant deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus). J Hered 82:431-4
Shames, R B; Knapp, L W; Carver, W E et al. (1991) Region-specific expression of scutate scale type beta keratins in the developing chick beak. J Exp Zool 260:258-66

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