Nearly one in every seven adults in America has chronic kidney disease (CKD), representing a 30% increase in the past decade. Individuals with advanced CKD are at extraordinarily high risk for loss of kidney function, cardiovascular events, and death, and cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in people with CKD. While much is unknown about why cardiovascular risk in individuals with CKD is so high, we and others have demonstrated that CKD is associated with increased systemic inflammation, elevated free fatty acids, and oxidative stress that lead to dysfunction of the endothelium. We and others have shown that high density lipoproteins (HDL) contain factors that reduce the level of activation and dysfunction of endothelial cells in vitro. Moreover, there is evidence that HDL from patients with CKD is altered in composition and function, which may directly cause endothelial dysfunction and lead to atherosclerosis and worsening kidney function. We have developed novel mass spectrometric methods to assess HDL composition and cell-based assays to assess the ability of HDL to preserve endothelial cell function. The combination of these assays provides for a comprehensive investigation of the molecules that contribute to HDL's anti-inflammatory capacity. Our overall hypothesis is that CKD causes changes to HDL composition and that these changes lead to increased endothelial dysfunction and greater risk of glomerular loss and cardiovascular disease (CVD). We also hypothesize that diet and exercise, an intervention that improves endothelial function in vivo, will lead to beneficial changes in HDL composition. Our goal is therefore to better understand the association of changes in HDL composition and function with endothelial dysfunction and clinical outcomes. We will take advantage of three well-characterized, NIH-funded clinical studies to elucidate the mechanisms behind HDL's ability to preserve endothelial cell function. To achieve these objectives, we propose the following aims: 1) Comprehensively characterize HDL composition and function in the CKD population;2) Identify and quantify the changes in HDL composition and function that are associated with cardiac events, progression of kidney disease, and death;and 3) Determine whether healthy lifestyle interventions modify HDL composition and restore its anti-inflammatory properties in CKD subjects. This proposal will identify the molecular changes in HDL in subjects with CKD and how they are associated with endothelial dysfunction in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, our studies will identify the changes in HDL composition that are associated with cardiovascular and renal outcomes in a population at greatly increased risk of death.

Public Health Relevance

Individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are much more likely to die of cardiovascular disease and kidney failure than people in the general population. We will measure the composition and function of high density lipoprotein (HDL) particles, and investigate how these changes in HDL cause inflammation in the lining of blood vessels, and increase the risk of poor outcomes in individuals with CKD.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01HL111375-03
Application #
8680358
Study Section
Kidney, Nutrition, Obesity and Diabetes Study Section (KNOD)
Program Officer
Liu, Lijuan
Project Start
2012-08-01
Project End
2016-06-30
Budget Start
2014-07-01
Budget End
2015-06-30
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2014
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Washington
Department
Pathology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
City
Seattle
State
WA
Country
United States
Zip Code
98195
Rubinow, Katya B; Henderson, Clark M; Robinson-Cohen, Cassianne et al. (2017) Kidney function is associated with an altered protein composition of high-density lipoprotein. Kidney Int 92:1526-1535
Vaisar, Tomas; Rubinow, Katya B; Hoofnagle, Andrew N (2017) The Authors Reply. Kidney Int 92:1556
Henderson, Clark M; Bollinger, James G; Becker, Jessica O et al. (2017) Quantification by nano liquid chromatography parallel reaction monitoring mass spectrometry of human apolipoprotein A-I, apolipoprotein B, and hemoglobin A1c in dried blood spots. Proteomics Clin Appl 11:
Henderson, Clark M; Vaisar, Tomas; Hoofnagle, Andrew N (2016) Isolating and Quantifying Plasma HDL Proteins by Sequential Density Gradient Ultracentrifugation and Targeted Proteomics. Methods Mol Biol 1410:105-20
Marsillach, Judit; Becker, Jessica O; Vaisar, Tomas et al. (2015) Paraoxonase-3 is depleted from the high-density lipoproteins of autoimmune disease patients with subclinical atherosclerosis. J Proteome Res 14:2046-54