For the past eight years, the PIs (M. R. Banaji and A.G. Greenwald) have collaborated on investigations if implicit social cognition. The main goals of the research program have been to demonstrate the operation of implicit social cognition, and to champion the view that theoretical, methodological, and application gains can result from investigations of processes that are ordinarily hidden from awareness. Past work focused on the stereotype domain, with published articles documenting the use of a variety of methods to reveal the operation of implicit stereotypes (Banaji and Blair, 1996; Banaji and Greenwald, 1995; Banaji and Hardin, 1996; Banaji, Hardin, and Rothman, 1993). A first goal of the proposed research is to extend investigations of implicit social cognition to the attitude and self-esteem domains identified by Greenwald and Banaji (1995). Greater attention to the constructs of attitude and self-esteem allows the development of a unified theory of implicit social cognition. Existing measures of automatic belief and attitude (especially ones based on cognitive priming) have been used effectively at some laboratories including our own, but have not been easy to transport across laboratories. It is also the case that existing methods (consisting of variations of priming techniques) have not yielded large effect sizes. Recently published work has produced a new measure (the Implicit Association Test, IAT; Greenwald, McGhee, and Schwartz, 1998) that forms the foundation of the present proposal. Several experiments conducted with the measure indicate that it can provide a reliable, efficient, and sensitive measure of individual differences in implicit social cognition. A second goal of the proposed research is to realize the potential of the IAT, method and to further develop it as a core technique for investigating implicit social cognition. This proposal consists of experiments that will further establish the generality and validity of the technique followed by three sections with a theoretical focus on prejudice and stigma, self-esteem and self-concept, and stereotype. Two additional goals, both occupying a less central position in this cycle of the research agenda, are mentioned. The IAT, it is to become a widely useable technique to study implicit social cognition more generally, will require psychometric attention. Therefore, a third goal of the proposed research is to secure the computerized procedure and scaling properties of the measure. Finally, it is a goal of the proposed research to attempt basic research with a clear eye toward the application of implicit attitudes, stereotypes, and self-esteem findings. The scope of the present grant restricts our ability to develop these ideas here. Hence, in the present proposal we will only indicate the path to such opportunities and preparation for future independent development.
| Kawakami, Kerry; Phills, Curtis E; Greenwald, Anthony G et al. (2012) In perfect harmony: synchronizing the self to activated social categories. J Pers Soc Psychol 102:562-75 |
| Greenwald, Anthony G; Poehlman, T Andrew; Uhlmann, Eric Luis et al. (2009) Understanding and using the Implicit Association Test: III. Meta-analysis of predictive validity. J Pers Soc Psychol 97:17-41 |
| Nock, Matthew K; Banaji, Mahzarin R (2007) Prediction of suicide ideation and attempts among adolescents using a brief performance-based test. J Consult Clin Psychol 75:707-15 |
| Nock, Matthew K; Banaji, Mahzarin R (2007) Assessment of self-injurious thoughts using a behavioral test. Am J Psychiatry 164:820-3 |
| Gregg, Aiden P; Seibt, Beate; Banaji, Mahzarin R (2006) Easier done than undone: asymmetry in the malleability of implicit preferences. J Pers Soc Psychol 90:1-20 |
| Greenwald, Anthony G; Nosek, Brian A; Banaji, Mahzarin R et al. (2005) Validity of the salience asymmetry interpretation of the implicit association test: comment on Rothermund and Wentura (2004). J Exp Psychol Gen 134:420-5; author reply 426-30 |
| Pinter, Brad; Greenwald, Anthony G (2005) Clarifying the role of the ""other"" category in the self-esteem IAT. Exp Psychol 52:74-9 |
| Olsson, Andreas; Ebert, Jeffrey P; Banaji, Mahzarin R et al. (2005) The role of social groups in the persistence of learned fear. Science 309:785-7 |
| Devos, Thierry; Banaji, Mahzarin R (2005) American = White? J Pers Soc Psychol 88:447-66 |
| Greenwald, Anthony G (2005) A reminder about procedures needed to reliably produce perfect timesharing: comment on Lien, McCann, Ruthruff, and Proctor (2005). J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform 31:221-5 |
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