Cell transplantation is emerging as a promising clinical strategy to accelerate tissue regeneration. However, the successful clinical translation of this technology faces several engineering and biological challenges. Major challenges lies in our inability to deliver and retain the transplanted cells at the healing site and prevent the uncontrolled cell death in the unfriendly milieu of the injured tissue. The long-range goal of our laboratory is to regenerate complex tissues, organs and organ systems using the principles of regenerative engineering with advanced biomaterials and unique cell sources. One of our immediate objectives is to design cell delivery vehicles that will transiently act as a favorable microenvironment at the healing site to modulate cell performance upon transplantation.
The aim of the proposed study is to evaluate the efficacy of an injectable biomaterial based on lactoferrin as an artificial microenvironment to increase the survival and osteogenic activity of encapsulated rat mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSC). The proposed research is designed based on our preliminary studies demonstrating the anti-apoptotic, mitogenic and osteogenic effect of soluble recombinant human lactoferrin (rhLf). The hypothesis being tested is that the injectable recombinant human lactoferrin gel (rhLfG) will present a favorable osteostimulative microenvironment by inhibiting cellular apoptosis and promoting cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. The experimental plan will explore the bioactivity of the injectable recombinant human lactoferrin gel based cell delivery vehicle through two specific aims.
The first aim i s designed to evaluate in vitro the anti apoptotic, mitogenic and osteogenic effect of recombinant human lactoferrin gels (rhLfG) to rat bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells. Cell culture conditions that are known to induce cellular apoptosis will be used. An injectable gelatin gel will be used as a control matrix to evaluate the efficacy of lactoferrin gel microenvironment in improving cell survival and promoting cell proliferation and differentiation.
The second aim i s designed to evaluate in vivo the efficacy of the injectable rhLfG in enhancing rBMSC survival, proliferation and osteogenesis, using a rat calvarial bone defect model. We hypothesize that the biologically active microenvironment provided by rhLfG will promote bone regeneration and better host tissue integration upon rBMSC delivery compared to injectable gelatin delivery vehicle. The proposed pilot study will help to understand the feasibility of developing a cell instructive injectable regenerative biomaterial based on rhLf as a cell delivery vehicle for bone regeneration. If successful, the injectable lactoferrin based delivery vehicle could have a significant impact in the clinical translation of cell based therapeutic strategies by addressing some of its current limitations.

Public Health Relevance

Transplantation of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) has great potential in tissue engineering. However, the cell based therapeutic strategies still pose significant translational challenges in terms of localized delivery: inability to retain the cells at the intended site, inability to maintain cell survival, cell proliferation, and differentiation in the altered microenvironment of the injury sit. The proposed study seeks to investigate the feasibility of developing an injectable regenerative biomaterial to serve as a cell-friendly artificial transient microenvironment at the injury site to overcome some of these challenges associated with localized cell delivery.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS)
Type
Small Research Grants (R03)
Project #
5R03AR061575-03
Application #
8654258
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZAR1)
Program Officer
Wang, Fei
Project Start
2012-07-01
Project End
2015-04-30
Budget Start
2014-05-01
Budget End
2015-04-30
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2014
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Connecticut
Department
Orthopedics
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
City
Farmington
State
CT
Country
United States
Zip Code
06030
James, Eric N; Delany, Anne M; Nair, Lakshmi S (2014) Post-transcriptional regulation in osteoblasts using localized delivery of miR-29a inhibitor from nanofibers to enhance extracellular matrix deposition. Acta Biomater 10:3571-80
James, Eric N; Nair, Lakshmi S (2014) Development and characterization of lactoferrin loaded poly(epsilon-caprolactone) nanofibers. J Biomed Nanotechnol 10:500-7
Amini, Ashley A; Nair, Lakshmi S (2014) Recombinant human lactoferrin as a biomaterial for bone tissue engineering: mechanism of antiapoptotic and osteogenic activity. Adv Healthc Mater 3:897-905
Amini, Ashley A; Kan, Ho-Man; Cui, Zhanwu et al. (2014) Enzymatically cross-linked bovine lactoferrin as injectable hydrogel for cell delivery. Tissue Eng Part A 20:2830-9
Ganesh, Nitya; Hanna, Craig; Nair, Shantikumar V et al. (2013) Enzymatically cross-linked alginic-hyaluronic acid composite hydrogels as cell delivery vehicles. Int J Biol Macromol 55:289-94
Amini, Ashley A; Nair, Lakshmi S (2013) Evaluation of the bioactivity of recombinant human lactoferrins toward murine osteoblast-like cells for bone tissue engineering. Tissue Eng Part A 19:1047-55