Women?s exposure to early life stress (ELS) can have lasting adverse consequences for emotional, cognitive, and biological functioning that extend into their child-bearing years. Emerging research suggests that the negative effects of ELS can be transmitted across generations, beginning in the prenatal period. In this project, we posit that mothers? exposure to stress during their own childhood affects the neurodevelopment of their offspring, first, by influencing the intrauterine endocrine milieu and, subsequently, through the process of dyadic physiological synchrony. Specifically, we posit that early exposure to life stress affects the pre- conception setpoint for the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, disrupting maternal levels and trajectories of cortisol across pregnancy and altering fetal neurodevelopment. We posit further that in the postnatal period infants continue to be affected by maternal HPA-axis dysregulation through concordance of their own HPA-axis functioning with that of their mothers. In this application, we propose conduct secondary analysis of banked samples of women?s hair obtained at three time-points: at mid-pregnancy, approximately 1 month after birth, and at infant age 6 months. From these samples, we will derive monthly levels of cortisol production across pregnancy and the early postnatal period, enabling us to examine the effects of maternal exposure to ELS on levels and trajectories of maternal hair cortisol concentration in the perinatal period and the effects of this cortisol production on both their infants? hair cortisol concentration and their infants? hippocampus and amygdala volume at age 6 months. This project promises to yield critical and specific insights, informing our understanding of maternal factors that affect child neurodevelopment.

Public Health Relevance

Mother?s exposure to early life stress can have lasting consequences for their biological functioning and, consequently, for their infants? neurodevelopment. In this application, we propose to analyze banked samples of women?s hair that we obtained at three time-points (during mid-pregnancy, at a postpartum follow-up visit approximately 1 month after birth, and at infant age 6 months) to derive monthly levels of mothers? cortisol production across pregnancy and the early postnatal period. We will examine whether maternal exposure to ELS is associated with levels and trajectories of their hair cortisol concentration in the peripartum period and the effects of this cortisol production on both their infants? hair cortisol concentration and their infants? brain volume at age 6 months, informing our understanding of factors that affect child neurodevelopment.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD)
Type
Small Research Grants (R03)
Project #
5R03HD101714-02
Application #
10125179
Study Section
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Initial Review Group (CHHD)
Program Officer
Bremer, Andrew
Project Start
2020-03-15
Project End
2022-02-28
Budget Start
2021-03-01
Budget End
2022-02-28
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2021
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Stanford University
Department
Psychology
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
009214214
City
Stanford
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
94305