Approximately half of all sexual assaults involve alcohol consumption by the perpetrator, victim, or both. The goal of the proposed research is to develop a virtual reality simulation that can be used as a proxy for perpetration of sexual aggression in alcohol administration studies. Self-report surveys conducted with victims and perpetrators have provided a wealth of important information about alcohol's role in sexual assault;however, causality cannot be established from correlational designs. In alcohol administration studies, participants can be randomly assigned to drink conditions, thereby allowing causal conclusions to be made. The major challenge for experimentalists is to develop proxies for sexual assault that have strong construct validity and experimental realism. Virtual reality environments provide the opportunity for participants to become immersed in the simulated environment;thus, participants are expected to behave in ways and to make choices that closely relate to their behavior outside the laboratory.
The Specific Aims of the proposed research involve developing a virtual reality simulation with a virtual woman (an embodied female agent) that male participants rate as realistic and involving. The script of the interaction will follow that of a prototypic acquaintance sexual assault situation, allowing male participants to make choices about sexual activities in which they want to engage and (if they choose) to repeatedly try to make the female agent engage in sexual activity despite her protests. Most participants will be young, single, sexually active, heterosexual men to correspond to the demographics of most perpetrators. Focus groups and an iterative series of pilots that include cognitive interviews will be conducted with men and women to develop the simulation. Then a preliminary assessment of construct validity will be conducted by comparing self-reports of past sexual aggression, common risk factors, and responses to another proxy with participants'responses during the simulation. Also, an initial evaluation of the simulation's usefulness in alcohol administration research will be conducted by comparing the responses and actions of intoxicated and sober participants during the simulation. The findings from this study will serve as pilot data for a R01 proposal that will formally evaluate the paradigm's construct validity and usefulness in identifying men predisposed to commit sexual assault while intoxicated. Future studies can also alter various aspects of the simulation to increase generalizability to different populations. The long-term goal is to develop prevention and treatment interventions, thereby reducing rates of sexual aggression and addressing Healthy People 2020 goals.

Public Health Relevance

Sexual assault occurs at extremely high rates and more than half involve alcohol consumption. The goal of the proposed research is to develop a virtual reality simulation of a potential sexual assault situation that can be used in experimental research. This will allow the effects of alcohol consumption on sexual aggression to be examined under controlled conditions, thereby increasing confidence that differences found between drinkers and nondrinkers are due to alcohol, not other factors.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA)
Type
Exploratory/Developmental Grants (R21)
Project #
1R21AA020876-01A1
Application #
8385389
Study Section
Health Services Research Review Subcommittee (AA)
Program Officer
Freeman, Robert
Project Start
2012-07-10
Project End
2014-06-30
Budget Start
2012-07-10
Budget End
2013-06-30
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2012
Total Cost
$287,967
Indirect Cost
$94,217
Name
Wayne State University
Department
Psychology
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
001962224
City
Detroit
State
MI
Country
United States
Zip Code
48202
Woerner, Jacqueline; Abbey, Antonia; Helmers, Breanne R et al. (2018) Predicting Men's Immediate Reactions to a Simulated Date's Sexual Rejection: The Effects of Hostile Masculinity, Impersonal Sex, and Hostile Perceptions of the Woman. Psychol Violence 8:349-357
Helmers, Breanne R; Jacques-Tiura, Angela J; Abbey, Antonia (2018) Associations between young adult men's patterns of alcohol use and sexual behavior: A latent profile analysis of two independent samples. Addict Behav 90:20-26
Pegram, Sheri E; Abbey, Antonia; Helmers, Breanne R et al. (2018) Men Who Sexually Assault Drinking Women: Similarities and Differences With Men Who Sexually Assault Sober Women and Nonperpetrators. Violence Against Women 24:1327-1348
Woerner, Jacqueline; Abbey, Antonia; Pegram, Sheri E et al. (2018) The effects of alcohol intoxication and sexual interest on men's sexual persistence and hostility in a dating simulation. Aggress Behav :
Abbey, Antonia; Pegram, Sheri E; Woerner, Jacqueline et al. (2018) Men's Responses to Women's Sexual Refusals: Development and Construct Validity of a Virtual Dating Simulation of Sexual Aggression. Psychol Violence 8:87-99
Abbey, Antonia; Wegner, Rhiana (2015) Using Experimental Paradigms to Examine Alcohol's Role in Men's Sexual Aggression: Opportunities and Challenges in Proxy Development. Violence Against Women 21:975-96
Abbey, Antonia; Wegner, Rhiana; Woerner, Jacqueline et al. (2014) Review of survey and experimental research that examines the relationship between alcohol consumption and men's sexual aggression perpetration. Trauma Violence Abuse 15:265-82