This is a competitive renewal of an R24 grant focused on SIRT3, the major mitochondrial protein deacetylase. Our initial funding was limited to two years due to NIH budget constraints, but we believe that during the first 18 months of this grant we have made great progress in forming and an interdisciplinary team that has defined novel biological functions of SIRT3 and its role in regulation of systemic metabolism. We have found that SIRT3 expression is differentially regulated in liver and muscle in fasting and diabetes. In liver, increased SIRT3 during fasting leads to deacetylation of key mitochondrial enzymes in the fatty acid oxidation pathway and to an increase in their enzymatic activities. In contrast, SIRT3 expression decreases in muscle during fasting, leading to hyperacetylation of pyruvate dehydrogenase and several components of the electron transport chain. Metabolomic analysis of SIRT3KO reveals possible tissue-specific differences in regulation of fatty acid, glucose, and amino acid oxidation that will be explored further in the current application. These studies clearl show that SIRT3KO mice have defective fatty acid oxidation in liver and reduced metabolic flexibility and reduced ATP levels in muscle, as well as insulin resistance due to increased ROS and activation of stress kinases. Furthermore, SIRT3KO mice placed on a high fat diet show accelerated development of a syndrome that mimics human metabolic syndrome with obesity, type 2 diabetes, lipid abnormalities, and steatohepatitis. Together these findings point to a role of reversible mitochondrial protein acetylation as a key regulator of mitochondrial metabolism and SIRT3 as a potentially important factor in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome. The overall goal of this proposal is to extend these studies to completely define the role of protein acetylation and SIRT3 in mitochondrial function and control of metabolism. We will take advantage of our highly collaborative and multidisciplinary team harnessing the power of mass spectrometry-based proteomics, metabolomics, molecular biology, extensive physiological testing and unique animal models to further expand our understanding of this important process in regulation of mitochondrial function and metabolism.

Public Health Relevance

Mitochondria are key players in the pathogenesis of several metabolic disorders. The recent identification of reversible lysine acetylation on a large number of mitochondrial proteins and its regulation by SIRT3 indicates that reversible mitochondrial acetylation plays a role in the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders. Understanding the role of SIRT3 in the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome and other metabolic disorders could yield novel therapeutic opportunities for the treatment of these disorders.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Type
Resource-Related Research Projects (R24)
Project #
2R24DK085610-03
Application #
8385026
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZDK1-GRB-7 (M2))
Program Officer
Sechi, Salvatore
Project Start
2010-06-01
Project End
2015-06-30
Budget Start
2012-07-01
Budget End
2013-06-30
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2012
Total Cost
$1,680,030
Indirect Cost
$397,916
Name
J. David Gladstone Institutes
Department
Type
DUNS #
099992430
City
San Francisco
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
94158
Carrico, Chris; Meyer, Jesse G; He, Wenjuan et al. (2018) The Mitochondrial Acylome Emerges: Proteomics, Regulation by Sirtuins, and Metabolic and Disease Implications. Cell Metab 27:497-512
Peterson, Brett S; Campbell, Jonathan E; Ilkayeva, Olga et al. (2018) Remodeling of the Acetylproteome by SIRT3 Manipulation Fails to Affect Insulin Secretion or ? Cell Metabolism in the Absence of Overnutrition. Cell Rep 24:209-223.e6
Wei, Lei; Meyer, Jesse G; Schilling, Birgit (2018) Quantification of Site-specific Protein Lysine Acetylation and Succinylation Stoichiometry Using Data-independent Acquisition Mass Spectrometry. J Vis Exp :
Softic, Samir; Gupta, Manoj K; Wang, Guo-Xiao et al. (2018) Divergent effects of glucose and fructose on hepatic lipogenesis and insulin signaling. J Clin Invest 128:1199
Basisty, Nathan; Meyer, Jesse G; Wei, Lei et al. (2018) Simultaneous Quantification of the Acetylome and Succinylome by 'One-Pot' Affinity Enrichment. Proteomics 18:e1800123
Meyer, Jesse G; Mukkamalla, Sushanth; Steen, Hanno et al. (2017) PIQED: automated identification and quantification of protein modifications from DIA-MS data. Nat Methods 14:646-647
Anderson, Kristin A; Huynh, Frank K; Fisher-Wellman, Kelsey et al. (2017) SIRT4 Is a Lysine Deacylase that Controls Leucine Metabolism and Insulin Secretion. Cell Metab 25:838-855.e15
Newgard, Christopher B (2017) Metabolomics and Metabolic Diseases: Where Do We Stand? Cell Metab 25:43-56
Newman, John C; Verdin, Eric (2017) ?-Hydroxybutyrate: A Signaling Metabolite. Annu Rev Nutr 37:51-76
Newman, John C; Covarrubias, Anthony J; Zhao, Minghao et al. (2017) Ketogenic Diet Reduces Midlife Mortality and Improves Memory in Aging Mice. Cell Metab 26:547-557.e8

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