Over 24% of women in the United States are over, weight and obesity is more prevalent in vulnerable groups such as Black and Hispanic women. Little is known about the socioeconomic factors, cultural beliefs and practices that may mediate ethnic differences in obesity rates. Although most treatment programs for obesity are failures with high recividism rates, there is growing evidence, similar to data on smoking, that many people lose weight on their own after repeated attempts. Yet little is known about the weight management activities of women over time, particularly Black and Hispanic women who rarely seek treatment. Previous research among Anglo and Black women by the investigator found that women used a complex variety of self-care methods to lose and maintain weight and that these methods were aspects of a five step process of weight management. Having information about methods and factors involved in successful self-management of weight among vulnerable groups of women will assist nurses in planning ethnically relevant health promotion care and serve as the basis for future intervention research. The purposes of this 5 year cross-ethnic community based three phase study are to: 1) explore weight management experiences among Anglo, Black, and Mexican American women; 2) compare patterns and processes of weight management within and between these three ethnic groups; 3) examine patterns and processes of successful weight maintainers; and 4) develop a cross-ethnic nursing model of weight management. This study includes a new sample of 40 Mexican American women and also will expand and supplement two previous studies by the investigator on Anglo and Black women. Phase I uses ethnographic interviewing techniques, and anthropometric measures to explore conditions of weight gain/loss, weight management methods, explanatory models of weight, values about body size and factors influencing weight management. Phase 11 examines differences between and within the three ethnic groups on demographic variables and selected inductively coded categories. Phase Ill has two aspects: 1) the use of ethnographic interviewing techniques to explore methods used by 30 successful weight maintainers, and 2) the synthesis of data from all 3 ethnic groups to develop a cross-ethnic model of the processes of weight management.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR)
Type
First Independent Research Support & Transition (FIRST) Awards (R29)
Project #
1R29NR002568-01A1
Application #
3476485
Study Section
Nursing Research Study Section (NURS)
Project Start
1991-09-30
Project End
1996-08-31
Budget Start
1991-09-30
Budget End
1992-08-31
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
1991
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Texas Austin
Department
Type
Schools of Nursing
DUNS #
City
Austin
State
TX
Country
United States
Zip Code
78712