The synthetic retinoid HPR (N-4-hydroxyphenil retinamide), a derivate of retinioic acid, has been shown to inhibit N-nitroso-N-methylurea induced mammary carcinogenesis (1). It also exhibits an antiproliferative effect on rat mammary epithelium that may be involved in HPR inhibition of mammary caracinogenesis (2). HPR has also been found to block the combined proliferative effects of insulin and prolactin upon the mammary epithelium growing in vitro. Preliminary studies indicate that this retinoid is less toxic than other known retinoids (3) and that it can be administered to humans with the aim to demonstrate its efficacy in preventing or treating some specific types of cancer. Due to the peculiar concentration of HPR in the mammary glands, a priority will be given to the study of its effectiveness in breast cancer. As the group of patients more at risk for this cancer are women already operated for a breast tumor, the capability of HPR to prevent contralateral cancer of the breast will be evaluated. The incidence of contralateral breast cancer is about 0.8% per year and a group of about 5,000 patients is needed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the drug in reducing the rate of second primaries in the other gland. The applicant institution will evaluate HPR with a randomized clinical trial in which about 5,000 patients treated for stage one breast cancer, who remained with no evidence of disease and who did not receive adjuvant endocrine or chemotherapy treatment will enter in three years. Patients will be followed-up every four months for at least seven years.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Research Project--Cooperative Agreements (U01)
Project #
5U01CA038567-03
Application #
3548561
Study Section
(SSS)
Project Start
1984-09-30
Project End
1988-12-31
Budget Start
1988-01-01
Budget End
1988-12-31
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
1988
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
National Institute for the Study Care Tumors
Department
Type
DUNS #
City
Milan
State
Country
Italy
Zip Code
Formelli, Franca; Camerini, Tiziana; Cavadini, Elena et al. (2003) Fenretinide breast cancer prevention trial: drug and retinol plasma levels in relation to age and disease outcome. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 12:34-41
Formelli, F (2000) Quality control for HPLC assay and surrogate end point biomarkers from the fenretinide (4-HPR) breast cancer prevention trial. J Cell Biochem Suppl 34:73-9
Decensi, A; Bonanni, B; Guerrieri-Gonzaga, A et al. (2000) Chemoprevention of breast cancer: the Italian experience. J Cell Biochem Suppl 34:84-96
Decensi, A; Torrisi, R; Gozza, A et al. (1999) Effect of fenretinide on bone mineral density and metabolism in women with early breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 53:145-51
Veronesi, U; De Palo, G; Marubini, E et al. (1999) Randomized trial of fenretinide to prevent second breast malignancy in women with early breast cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 91:1847-56
Torrisi, R; Parodi, S; Fontana, V et al. (1998) Effect of fenretinide on plasma IGF-I and IGFBP-3 in early breast cancer patients. Int J Cancer 76:787-90
Decensi, A; Torrisi, R; Fontana, V et al. (1998) Correlation between plasma transforming growth factor-beta 1 and second primary breast cancer in a chemoprevention trial. Eur J Cancer 34:999-1003
De Palo, G; Camerini, T; Marubini, E et al. (1997) Chemoprevention trial of contralateral breast cancer with fenretinide. Rationale, design, methodology, organization, data management, statistics and accrual. Tumori 83:884-94
Decensi, A; Fontana, V; Fioretto, M et al. (1997) Long-term effects of fenretinide on retinal function. Eur J Cancer 33:80-4
Mariani, L; Formelli, F; De Palo, G et al. (1996) Chemoprevention of breast cancer with fenretinide (4-HPR): study of long-term visual and ophthalmologic tolerability. Tumori 82:444-9

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