Driven by the hypothesis that many of the most severe neuropsychiatric disorders of childhood onset are manifestations of deviations from the path of normal brain development, the anatomical substrates of which can be detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), our team has been acquiring and analyzing brain MRI scans from healthy and psychiatrically ill children, adolescents, and adults. The study design is longitudinal to assess not only brain size or shape differences but to map out the developmental curves for a variety of brain structures in health and in illness. Combining the brain imaging information with extensive behavioral and neuropsychological testing as well as genetic data allows us to explore the relationship between genes, brain, and behavior. Clinically, the project encompasses the largest imaging studies of ADHD and Childhood-Onset Schizophrenia. Seminal contributions to the literature have been produced in each of these areas. The normative development component utilizes the world's largest collection of well-characterized pediatric brain MRI scans (N = 1000) and serves as a resource for many neuroimaging projects throughout the world. To assess sex differences in the brain, we are examining subjects with variations in the number of X and Y chromosomes (i.e. Klinefelter Syndrome, XXY) and subjects with hormone anomalies (i.e. Cushings disease, Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia, Familial Precocious Puberty). To assess nature/nurture questions we are studying brain development in mono and dizygotic twins.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
Type
Intramural Research (Z01)
Project #
1Z01MH002794-05
Application #
7312884
Study Section
(CHP)
Project Start
Project End
Budget Start
Budget End
Support Year
5
Fiscal Year
2006
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
U.S. National Institute of Mental Health
Department
Type
DUNS #
City
State
Country
United States
Zip Code
Lenroot, Rhoshel K; Schmitt, James E; Ordaz, Sarah J et al. (2009) Differences in genetic and environmental influences on the human cerebral cortex associated with development during childhood and adolescence. Hum Brain Mapp 30:163-74
Wallace, Gregory L; Happe, Francesca; Giedd, Jay N (2009) A case study of a multiply talented savant with an autism spectrum disorder: neuropsychological functioning and brain morphometry. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 364:1425-32
Lenroot, Rhoshel K; Gogtay, Nitin; Greenstein, Deanna K et al. (2007) Sexual dimorphism of brain developmental trajectories during childhood and adolescence. Neuroimage 36:1065-73
Shaw, Philip; Gornick, Michele; Lerch, Jason et al. (2007) Polymorphisms of the dopamine D4 receptor, clinical outcome, and cortical structure in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 64:921-31
Shaw, Philip; Lerch, Jason P; Pruessner, Jens C et al. (2007) Cortical morphology in children and adolescents with different apolipoprotein E gene polymorphisms: an observational study. Lancet Neurol 6:494-500
Mackie, Susan; Shaw, Philip; Lenroot, Rhoshel et al. (2007) Cerebellar development and clinical outcome in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Am J Psychiatry 164:647-55
Shaw, P; Eckstrand, K; Sharp, W et al. (2007) Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is characterized by a delay in cortical maturation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104:19649-54
Nugent 3rd, Tom F; Herman, David H; Ordonez, Anna et al. (2007) Dynamic mapping of hippocampal development in childhood onset schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 90:62-70
Giedd, Jay N; Clasen, Liv S; Wallace, Gregory L et al. (2007) XXY (Klinefelter syndrome): a pediatric quantitative brain magnetic resonance imaging case-control study. Pediatrics 119:e232-40
Giedd, Jay N; Schmitt, James Eric; Neale, Michael C (2007) Structural brain magnetic resonance imaging of pediatric twins. Hum Brain Mapp 28:474-81

Showing the most recent 10 out of 50 publications