Treatment studies? We are currently engaged in testing the ability of transcranial direct current brain polarization to modulate frontal lobe activity. Ongoing studies in this area are on (1) emotion-based decision making and response to arousing stimuli and (2) enhancing verbal memory and other forms of learning.? ? Neurophysiological probe studies? We have successfully shown changes in the motor cortex response to transcranial magnetic stimulation that are linked to the expecting and receiving money reward. This is the first demonstration of reward related activity in the motor cortex and links the motor cortex conceptually with other frontal areas involved in response generation and selection. This year, we have shown that this effect is lacking in Parkinson disease patients and can be restored with antiparkinsonian medications. ? ? Collaborative work? With support from a DARPA program on accelerated learning, we are collaborating with investigators at the MIND Institute at the University of New Mexico on using DC brain polarization to shorten the time required to attain behavioral and neuroimaging endpoints for expert status on threat recognition tasks. In Phase I of this project, we have met DARPA 2X metrics for acceleration of threat detection learning.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
Type
Intramural Research (Z01)
Project #
1Z01NS002977-10
Application #
7735281
Study Section
Project Start
Project End
Budget Start
Budget End
Support Year
10
Fiscal Year
2008
Total Cost
$608,136
Indirect Cost
City
State
Country
United States
Zip Code
Gilbert, Donald L; Zhang, Jie; Lipps, Tara D et al. (2007) Atomoxetine treatment of ADHD in Tourette syndrome: reduction in motor cortex inhibition correlates with clinical improvement. Clin Neurophysiol 118:1835-41
Huey, Edward D; Probasco, John C; Moll, Jorge et al. (2007) No effect of DC brain polarization on verbal fluency in patients with advanced frontotemporal dementia. Clin Neurophysiol 118:1417-8
Gilbert, Donald L; Wang, Zhewu; Sallee, Floyd R et al. (2006) Dopamine transporter genotype influences the physiological response to medication in ADHD. Brain 129:2038-46
Gilbert, Donald L; Ridel, Keith R; Sallee, Floyd R et al. (2006) Comparison of the inhibitory and excitatory effects of ADHD medications methylphenidate and atomoxetine on motor cortex. Neuropsychopharmacology 31:442-9
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Garvey, Marjorie A; Barker, Christopher A; Bartko, John J et al. (2005) The ipsilateral silent period in boys with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Clin Neurophysiol 116:1889-96
Iyer, M B; Mattu, U; Grafman, J et al. (2005) Safety and cognitive effect of frontal DC brain polarization in healthy individuals. Neurology 64:872-5
Morales, Oscar G; Henry, Michael E; Nobler, Mitchell S et al. (2005) Electroconvulsive therapy and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in children and adolescents: a review and report of two cases of epilepsia partialis continua. Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am 14:193-210, viii-ix
Wassermann, Eric M; Grafman, Jordan (2005) Recharging cognition with DC brain polarization. Trends Cogn Sci 9:503-5
Gilbert, Donald L; Sallee, Floyd R; Zhang, Jie et al. (2005) Transcranial magnetic stimulation-evoked cortical inhibition: a consistent marker of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder scores in tourette syndrome. Biol Psychiatry 57:1597-600

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