This competitive renewal grant proposes to pursue an integrated approach to investigate both peripheral thyroid hormone metabolism and the central regulation of pituitary TSH release in man. Major studies proposed include: autoregulatory conversion of thyroxine (T4) to triiodothyronine (T3) in states of T4 deficiency and excess, alterations in T4 to T3 conversion that occur with fasting and nonthyroidal illnesses (NTIs) and the role of T4 and other hormonal factors in regulating pituitary TSH release in man. These studies of peripheral thyroid hormone metabolism will focus on the importance of propylthiouracil (PTU) non-sensitive, 5'deiodinase (5'D) enzyme systems in regulating T4 to T3 conversion as well as delineating alternate pathways of T4 disposal including T4SO4, T3SO4 and a 'hidden pool"""""""" of rT3 generation. Testable models are proposed relating to the source and mechanisms controlling circulating T3 and rT3 levels generated from T4. Paradoxical alterations of thyroid hormone metabolism in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) will also be investigated. This unusual model may provide important insights into the mechanisms and the metabolic consequences of the changes normally seen in thyroid hormone metabolism with NTIs. The central TSH regulation studies will include a systematic evaluation of the acute and chronic inhibitory effects of T4, T3, triiodothyroacetic acid (T3AC) and other thyroid hormone analogs on serum TSH levels using a uniquely sensitive TSH assay. Actions of TRH, glucocorticoids, dopamine and somatostatin on TSH release will also be assessed. Thyroid function, measured as thyroidal iodine release (TIR) and/or serum thyroglobulin (Tg), will be performed in certain instances as indicators of TSH action on the thyroid gland. These studies will develop data concerning the normal dose-response relationship between circulating thyroid hormones and TSH as well as provide information regarding the mechanism by which the thyroid hormone-pituitary TSH setpoint may be altered in a variety of pathophysiologic states. This multifaceted program will provide a comprehensive view of the central and peripheral systems controlling normal thyroid physiology and alterations occurring in a variety of disease states affecting man.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01DK011727-21
Application #
3224812
Study Section
Endocrinology Study Section (END)
Project Start
1976-12-01
Project End
1996-03-31
Budget Start
1992-04-01
Budget End
1993-03-31
Support Year
21
Fiscal Year
1992
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Southern California
Department
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
041544081
City
Los Angeles
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
90089
Spencer, C A (2000) Serum thyroglobulin measurements: clinical utility and technical limitations in the management of patients with differentiated thyroid carcinomas. Endocr Pract 6:481-4
Spencer, C A; LoPresti, J S; Fatemi, S et al. (1999) Detection of residual and recurrent differentiated thyroid carcinoma by serum thyroglobulin measurement. Thyroid 9:435-41
Spencer, C A; Takeuchi, M; Kazarosyan, M et al. (1998) Serum thyroglobulin autoantibodies: prevalence, influence on serum thyroglobulin measurement, and prognostic significance in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 83:1121-7
Spencer, C A (1996) Recoveries cannot be used to authenticate thyroglobulin (Tg) measurements when sera contain Tg autoantibodies. Clin Chem 42:661-3
Spencer, C A; Takeuchi, M; Kazarosyan, M (1996) Current status and performance goals for serum thyrotropin (TSH) assays. Clin Chem 42:140-5
Spencer, C A; Takeuchi, M; Kazarosyan, M (1996) Current status and performance goals for serum thyroglobulin assays. Clin Chem 42:164-73
Spencer, C A (1996) Dynamics of thyroid hormone suppression of serum thyrotropin: an invited commentary. Eur J Endocrinol 135:285-6
Spencer, C A; Wang, C C (1995) Thyroglobulin measurement. Techniques, clinical benefits, and pitfalls. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 24:841-63
Spencer, C A; Takeuchi, M; Kazarosyan, M et al. (1995) Interlaboratory/intermethod differences in functional sensitivity of immunometric assays of thyrotropin (TSH) and impact on reliability of measurement of subnormal concentrations of TSH. Clin Chem 41:367-74
Spencer, C A; LoPresti, J S; Nicoloff, J T et al. (1995) Multiphasic thyrotropin responses to thyroid hormone administration in man. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 80:854-9

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